2021, Number 282
Psychological aterations in children with absent parents due to emigration
Language: Spanish
References: 23
Page: 1-7
PDF size: 336.34 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: emigration is complex problem. The absence of parental figures in infantile age implies an important affective deprivation; wich shoks the child and the consequences can be harmful, when these difficulties are not addressed in a timely manner.Objective: to characterize the psychological alterations present in children with parents absent due to emigration.
Method: observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, study in children between 8 y 10 years old with absent parents due to emigration. The universe was made up of 120 children who attended the Comandante Manuel Fajardo school, from October 2018 to March 2020, the variables studied were: negative emotional states, alterations in habits and academic performance. For data collection, questionnaires, projective techniques and interviews were used.
Results: The presence of anxiety and depression were recorded 87 and 90 infants, representing (72,5 and 75 %) of the total respectively, together with feelings of anger, longing and loneliness; it was found that 97 children suffer from enuresis (80,8 %), 22 from encopresis for one (18,3) and 86 suffer from onychophagia (71,6 %). No difficulties in academic performance were specified.
Conclusions: parental emigration is experienced as a migratory mourning characterized by having a latent character which is constantly reopened, hindering the balance, well-being and personological development, the psychological alterations found refer to the presence of negative emotional states as adaptive responses of transitory character, in addition to alterations of habits, desobediente, capricious and rebellious behaviors.
REFERENCES
Jiménez Y, Gutiérrez Daimadelys,León Leidy. Caracterización del estadopsicológico en los niños separadosde sus figuras parentales por emigración.Rev Ciencias Médicas [Internet]. 2016 [citado 28/06/2021]; 20(6):72-84. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1561-31942016000600011&lng=es.
Frías AY. El impacto psicoeducativode la emigración maternadominicana en los hijos menoresdejados atrás. [Tesis]. España: Universidaddel país vasco. Facultadde Psicología [Internet]. 2016 [citado28/06/2021]. Disponible en:https://addi.ehu.es/bitstream/handle/10810/18581/TESIS_FRIAS_REYNOSO_ALFA%20YANET.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Oficina Nacional de Estadísticasde Cuba. Estimación de personasextranjeras residentes habituales enCuba al 31 de diciembre 2019. InformeTécnico. Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas.Departamento de Extranjeríay Migración. Gobierno de Cuba;[Internet]. 2020 [citado 28/06/2021].Disponible en: www.onei.gob.cu.
Martin M, Grau JA, Grau R. Elinventario de depresión rasgo-estado(IDEREN): Desarrollo de unaversión Cubana. The “inventariode depresión rasgo-estado” (IDERE):Development of a Cuban versionTerapia psicológica. [Internet].2003 [citado 28/06/2021].Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0864-21252017000300003&lng=es
Cervantes C. Desarrollo de competenciasemocionales en preadolescentes hijos de padres migrantes: elpapel de padres y docentes. RevistaElectrónica Interuniversitaria de Formacióndel Profesorado. [Internet].2017 [citado 07/07/2021]; 20(2):221-235. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.6018/reifop/20.2.232941
McCann TV, Mugavin J, RenzahoA, Lubman DI. Sub-Saharan Africanmigrant youths’ help-seeking barriersand facilitators for mental health andsubstance use problems: A qualitativestudy. Rev BMC Psychiatry. [Internet].2016 [citado 07/07/2021];16(1):1-10. Disponible en: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-016-0984-5
Rivera ME, Martínez LG, ObregónN. Factores asociado con la sintomatologíadepresiva en adolescentes.El papel de la migración familiary recursos individuales, familiares ysociales. Salud Ment. [Internet]. 2019[citado 07/07/2021]; 36(2):109-113.Disponible en: http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?scrpt=sci_arttex&pid=S01853325019000200004&Ing=es.