Navarrete NS, Mejía AJM, Rivera GB, Rangel FMS

Language: Spanish
References: 12
Page: 17-22
PDF size: 66.41 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction. Nosocomial Infection outbreaks are unexpected situations ussually associated with breakdowns in control mechanisms and policies for the performance of diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.
Objectives. The main objectives when a nosocomial outbreak investigation is initiated are: to detect reservoirs or transmission mechanisms, evaluate efficacy of control measures before the beginning of the outbreak, to show new information about a new type of infection, to enhance the importance of policy making, to propose new control mechanisms or to stimulate the infection control activities by the personnel.
Methods. In order to study an outbreak the following steps should be made: 1) inform the possible existence of an outbreak, 2) corroborate its existence, 3) plan outbreak investigation, 4) organize the investigation, 5) data collection, 6) analysis of the information, 7) mechanisms of outbreak control, and 8) final report.
Conclusions. When and outbreak is identified, several issues appear such as: the recognizition of multiple microorganisms reservoirs, number of susceptible subjects and transmission mechanisms which could explain the outbreak existence. The use of these methodology will help the epidemiologist to solve the problem.

REFERENCES

1. Dickinson BE. Estudio de brotes. En: Infecciones Intrahospitalarias en Pediatría. México D.F. Ed. Interamericana-McGraw-Hill. 1998:25-30.

2. Outbreaks’s study. Epidemiologic Reviews 1994;16:109-123.

3. Ponce de León S, Baridó ME, Rangel FS, Soto HJL, Wey BS, Zaidi JM. Epidemias intrahospitalarias. En: Manual de prevención y control de infecciones hospitalarias. OPS. 1996: 32-36.

4. Ponce de León S, Soto HJL, Barsanti WS. Control de epidemias intrahospitalarias. En: Infecciones Intrahospitalarias. Ed. Interamericana-McGraw-Hill; 1996: 51-54.

5. Rangel FSM. Cómo estudiar epidemias de infecciones nosocomiales. Enf Infec y Microbiol 1995;15:194-196.

6. Navarrete NS, Santos PJI. Urgencias Epidemiológicas. En: Rodríguez SRS, Velázquez JL, Valencia MP, Nieto ZJ, Serrano SA. Urgencias en Pediatría. Ed. McGraw-Hill-Interamericana, México D.F., 1996:268-270.

7. Navarrete S, Muñoz O, Santos PJI. Infecciones Intrahospitalarias en Pediatría. Ed. McGraw-Hill-Interamericana, México D.F., 1998.

8. Vázquez E, Gutiérrez GL, Vallejo AO, Chable C, Mussaret Z, Navarrete NS. Brote de Infección Nosocomial por Salmonella Worthington en el hospital O’Horan en Mérida, Yucatán. Rev Lat Amer Microbiol 1989;31:175-179.

9. Navarrete NS, Stetler HC, Avila FC, García AJA, Santos PJI. An outbreak of cryptosporidium diarrhea in a pediatric hospital. Pediatr Infect Dis 1991;10:248-250.

10. Murguía ST, Casasola FJ, Rosales US, Nava IV, Navarrete NS. Brote de infección por virus sincicial respiratorio en una unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatal en la Ciudad de México. Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex 1993;50:709-716.

11. Navarrete NS, Avila FC, Ruíz GE, Santos PJI. Sarampión nosocomial: propuestas para su control en hospitales. Bol Med Hosp Infant Méx 1990;47:495-499.

12. Navarrete NS, Schirmann GIE, Avila FC, Santos PJI. Disminución del riesgo de adquirir varicela nosocomial después de un programa de control. Bol Med Hosp Infant Méx 1992;49:151-158.