2023, Number 03
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Revista Médica Sinergia 2023; 8 (03)
Generalities of vulvovaginal candidiasis
Calvo JJ, González GÁR, Triunfo TSJ
Language: Spanish
References: 18
Page:
PDF size: 249.77 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis is a disease caused by Candida species, mainly Candida albicans,
which can colonize the vaginal mycoflora of healthy women, without causing disease. It is the
second most common cause of vaginitis, only surpassed by bacterial vaginosis. Due to its high
prevalence, it is one of the most frequent reasons for gynecological consultation, it mainly affects
women of reproductive age, and up to 75% of women will present an episode in their life. It is
clinically characterized by itching, vaginal inflammation and whitish discharge. The diagnosis is
made specifically by laboratory techniques such as direct microscopy or, failing that, culture. The
pathogenesis is multifactorial and involves an unbalanced microbiota, host predisposing factors,
the virulence of candida strains, and genetic polymorphisms of both host and host. Women with
a higher risk of presenting vulvovaginal candidiasis are those with a high estrogen load or with
some degree of immunocompromise. The treatment consists of azole antifungals, particularly
fluconazole. However, the acquired and intrinsic resistance of non-albicans species is of
concern, forcing the use of other strategies. This article consists of a bibliographical review, on
the generalities of vulvovaginal Candidiasis, focusing on its epidemiology, pathogeny, correct
diagnosis and treatment.
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