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Medicina & Laboratorio

2021, Number 1

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Medicina & Laboratorio 2021; 25 (1)

Gynecomastia: general and etiological aspects

Bonilla-Sepúlveda OA

Language: Spanish
References: 67
Page: 393-408
PDF size: 143.71 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Gynecomastia is the benign breast enlargement in males. Etiologically it is classified as physiological and pathological. Physiological gynecomastia is more frequently observed in newborns, adolescents, and in older men. Pathological gynecomastia is associated with multiple factors, including hormonal and of tumor origin, and to the use of certain medications, among other factors; however, in many patients the underlying cause may never be identified. Anamnesis and physical examination are the fundamental pillars that will guide towards the etiology, with the support of laboratory and imaging tests to rule out an underlying disease. In moderate or severe cases, surgery is the treatment of choice. The aim of this article is to discuss some key points about the most important aspects related to gynecomastia, including pathophysiology, symptoms and diagnosis, in addition to presenting the main causes associated with this condition. Finally, the types of treatment available for these patients are described.


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