2021, Number 2
Characterization of patients with pneumonia associated with invasive mechanical ventilation
Full text
Language: Spanish
References: 15
Page:
PDF size: 143.95 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation is the most frequent infectious complication in patients treated in Intensive Care Units. Approximately 30-70 % of deaths that occur in critically ill patients are associated with this complication.Objectives: To describe the clinical-epidemiological behavior of patients with pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation in the Intensive Care Unit, at Hermanos Ameijeiras Hospital, from November 2018 to December 2019.
Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in 57 patients with clinical, radiological and / or microbiological diagnosis of pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation. The variables measured were age, sex, time of diagnosis of pneumonia after mechanical ventilation, etiological microorganism and its form of isolation, state of the patient at discharge.
Results: Patients older than 60 years (57.9 %), without gender differences, predominated, 28 males and 29 females. 78.9 % of the patients had early pneumonia. Aspiration of secretions was the main form of isolation of the microorganism (45.6 %), Staphylococus aureus was the most common etiological agent (26 %). 80.7 % were discharged alive, only 19.3 % of the cases died.
Conclusions: Early pneumonia was the most frequent clinical form. Aspiration of secretions was the main form of isolation of the etiological microorganism of pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation. Staphylococus aureus was the most common. The alive state of the patients at discharge predominated.
REFERENCES
Casanoba I, Santos R, Lillo M. Historia y Evolución de la Ventilación Mecánica.En Manual de Ventilación Mecánica para Enfermería. SERAM. 2017[acceso:12/12/2020]; 6(20):2016-20. Disponible en:https://fcsalud.ua.es/es/portal-de-investigacion/documentos/monografiaslibros-y-capitulos-2016/historia-y-evolucion-de-la-ventilacion-mecanica.pdf
Elias-Sierra R, Elias-Armas K, Pérez-Capdevila J, Vargas-Alonso R. Factoresrelacionados con la mortalidad por neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánicaen adultos mayores. Revista ElectróNica Dr. Zoilo E. Marinello Vidaurreta.2018[acceso:12/12/2020];43(5). Disponible en:http://revzoilomarinello.sld.cu/index.php/zmv/article/view/1492
But A, Yetkin MA, Kanyilmaz D, Aslaner H, Bastug A, Aypak A, et al. Analysis ofepidemiology and risk factors for mortality in ventilator-associated pneumoniaattacks in intensive care unit patients. Turk. J. Med. Sci.2017[acceso:12/12/2020];47:812-6. Disponible en:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28618727/
Martínez Rodríguez I, Rojas Borroto CA, Pérez Estrada FA, Rodríguez Castro E,Martín Pérez N, Moronta Enrique A. Incidencia de infección relacionada con elcuidado sanitario en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de Adultos del HospitalMorón. Año 2012. MEDICIEGO. 2015[acceso:12/12/2020];21(1). Disponible en:https://www.medigraphic.com/pdfs/mediciego/mdc-2015/mdc151c.pdf
Garay Z, Vera A, Pitta N, Bianco H, Ayala C, Almada P, de Cuellar CM.Impacto de las neumonías asociadas a la ventilación mecánica en la mortalidaden una unidad de cuidados intensivos adultos. Revista Cubana de MedicinaTropical. 2018[acceso:12/12/2020];13(1):24. Disponible en:http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1996-36962018000100024&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=es
Kalil AC, Metersky ML, Klompas M, Muscedere J, Sweeney DA, Palmer LB, etal. Management of adults with hospital-acquired and ventilator-associatedpneumonia: 2016 clinical practice guidelines by the infectious diseases society ofamerica and the american thoracic society. Clin. Infect. Dis.2016[acceso:12/12/2020];63:e61-e111. Disponible en:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27418577/