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2022, Number 2

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Rev Med UAS 2022; 12 (2)

Is It Time to Encourage Celiac Disease Assessment in Colombia? Results of an Epidemiological Survey

Figueroa-Salcido OG, Cárdenas-Torres FI, Cabrera-Chávez F, González-Santamaría J, Arámburo-Gálvez JG, López-Teros V, Astiazaran-García H, Ontiveros N

Language: English
References: 20
Page: 104-115
PDF size: 644.18 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Objectives: To estimate the self-reported prevalence of gluten-related disorders (GRDs) and adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD) in a Colombian population and to obtain the characteristics of GFD followers, gluten avoiders, and non-avoiders. Material and Methods: A survey was conducted using a culturally adapted and validated questionnaire. Results: Considering 850 valid responses (52.12%), the prevalence rates were/95% CI: Re-current adverse reactions to wheat/gluten (RAR-W/G) 9.29%/7.52-11.43, wheat allergy 0.47%/0.18-1.20, non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) 2.35%/1.52-3.60, and GFD adherence 6.94%/5.41-8.85. No celiac disease (CD) cases were found. Most GRDs diagnoses were symptom-based (85.71%). Among 79 RAR-W/G or 100 irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) cases, only 8/79 and 5/100 had a physician diagnosis of NCGS, but celiac tests were informed by only one case. Health professionals were instructing the GFD in 49.15% of the GFD cases. GFD adherence motivations included weight control (74.42%) and the perception that a GFD promotes health (46.51%). Conclusions: There is a potential subdiagnosis of CD in Colombia, and even the majority of those with a physician diagnosis of IBS and RAR-W/G do not have undergone CD assessment. Similarly, physician-diagnosed NCGS cases rarely undergo celiac tests, raising questions about the optimal patient’s diagnosis and follow-up. Finally, the Colombian population should be informed about the risks/benefits of following a GFD without professional counseling.


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