medigraphic.com
ISSN 1810-2352 (Print)

2021, Number 1

<< Back Next >>

Rev Cub Med Int Emerg 2021; 20 (1)

Meningococcal disease

García CD

Language: Spanish
References: 20
Page: 1-13
PDF size: 240.59 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Meningococcal disease is caused by Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) bacterial agent, a gram-negative diplococcus.
Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics of meningococcal disease in pediatric age, in two patients.
Clinical case report: We report the cases of two patients from different areas. In different periods, they exhibited, a picture of meningococcemia, with no meningoencephalitis, with dissimilar clinical expression. The first is a 14-year-old female patient, who had disseminated, purple thrombotic intravascular coagulation, fulminant, peripheral acrocyanosis, gangrene of her limps, which required amputation; she subsequently achieved full recovery and reinsertion into society. The second case is a 15-year-old male patient who developed meningococcal septic shock, with torpid evolution. He died two hours after arrival at the hospital.
Conclusions: Meningococcal disease, in pediatric age, can present as meningitis, meningococcemia with shock and with no shock, meningococcemia with meningitis and bacteremia, with torpid evolution and cause the death of the patient in less than 24 hours. Its recognition and early diagnosis allow timely treatment and prevent the spread of the disease.


REFERENCES

  1. Pizza M, Rappuoli R. Neisseria meningitidis: Pathogenesis and immunity. Curr Opin Microbiol. 2015 [citado: 06/03/2020];23:68-72. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25461575/

  2. Bakira J, Juáreza MV, Gentile Á. Actualización sobre enfermedad meningocócica y su prevención. Rev. Hosp. Niños (B. Aires). 2018 [citado: 06/03/2020];60(268):42-8. Disponible en: http://revistapediatria.com.ar/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/268-08-Actualizacion-Bakir.pdf

  3. Takada S, Fujiwara S, Inoue T, Kataoka Y, Hadano Y, Matsumoto K, et al. Meningococcemia in Adults: A Review of the Literature. Intern Med. 2016 [citado: 06/03/2020];55:567-72. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26984070/4.

  4. Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social. Lineamientos para la atención clínica integral de pacientes con enfermedad meningocócica en Colombia. 2018 abril [citado: 06/03/2020]. Disponible en: https://www.minsalud.gov.co/sites/rid/Lists/BibliotecaDigital/RIDE/VS/PP/PAI/Lineamientos-atencion-clinica-Enfermedad-meningococica-Colombia.pdf

  5. Greenwood BM, Aseffa A, Caugant DA, Diallo K, Kristiansen PA, Maiden MCJ, et al. The Diversity of Meningococcal Carriage Across the Africa Meningitis Belt and the Impact of Vaccination with a Group A Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine. J Infect Dis. 2015 octubre 15 [citado: 06/03/2020];212(8):1298-307. Disponible en: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25858956/

  6. Moreno J, Sanabria O, Saavedra SY, Rodríguez K, Duarte C. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B isolates from Cartagena, Colombia, 2012-2014. Biomedica. 2015 marzo [citado: 06/03/2020];35(1):138-43. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26148043/

  7. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Annual epidemiological report Invasive meningococcal disease. 2016 [citado: 06/03/2020]. Disponible en: https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/meningococcal-disease/surveillance-and-disease-data/aer

  8. Velez van Meerbeke A, Medina Silva N, Besada Lombana S, Mojica Madero JA. Epidemiología de la enfermedad por meningococo en Colombia. Infectio. 2016 marzo [citado: 06/03/2020]. Disponible en: https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/192969427.pdf

  9. Valverde GC, Clavería RC, Strassburger ET, Donoso FA. Meningococcemia fulminante: un problema no resuelto en pediatría. Rev. chil. pediatr. 2017 Jan [citado: 07/03/2020];72(1):12-8. Disponible en: https://scielo.conicyt.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0370-41062001000100003

  10. Quagliarello VJ, Scheld WM. Tratamiento de la meningitis bacteriana. Rev cubana med. 1998 Mar [citado: 28/02/2021];37(1):36-47. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-75231998000100007&lng=es.

  11. Beek DV, Cabellos C, Dzupova O, Esposito S, Klein M, Kloek AT, et al. ESCMID guideline: diagnosis and treatment of acute bacterial meningitis. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2016 [citado: 07/03/2020];22(suppl 3):37-62. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27062097/

  12. Franco Huerta M. Protocolo de meningitis bacteriana aguda. 2017 marzo [citado: 07/03/2020]. Disponible en: https://www.serviciofarmaciamanchacentro.es/images/stories/recursos/recursos/protocolo/infecciones/2017/protocolo_meningitis_def__marzo_2017_.pdf

  13. Cabellos C, Pelegrin I, Benavent E, Gudiol F, Tubau F, Garcia Somoza D, et al. Invasive meningococcal disease: impact of short course therapy. A door/radar study. J Infect. 2017 [citado: 07/03/2020];75:420-5. Disponible en: https://europepmc.org/article/pmc/pmc6440684.

  14. Sudarsanam TD, Rupali P, Tharyan P, Abraham OC, Thomas K. Preadmission antibiotics for suspected cases of meningococcal disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 [citado: 07/03/2020];14. Disponible en: https://europepmc.org/article/med/28613408

  15. Pomar V, Pere D. Actualización en la enfermedad meningocócica. Rev Enf Emerg. 2019 [citado: 07/03/2020];18(1):17-22. Disponible en: http://www.enfermedadesemergentes.com/articulos/a712/ENF2019-18-1_revision1_pomar_1.pdf

  16. Garrido Colino C. Meningitis bacteriana. Guía_ABE. 2008 [citado: 07/03/2020]. Disponible en: http://www.guia-abe.es

  17. Esso Arbolave V. Vacunas frente al meningococo. Pediatr Integral. 2015 [citado: 07/03/2020];XIX(10):684-92. Disponible en: https://www.pediatriaintegral.es/publicacion-2015-12/vacunas-frente-al-meningococo/

  18. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Expert Opinion on the introduction of the meningococcal B (4CMenB) vaccine in the EU / EEA. ECDC Scientific Advice. 2017 [citado: 07/03/2020]. Disponible en: https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/expert-opinion-introduction-meningococcal-b-4cmenb-vaccine-eueea

  19. Ochoa Sangrador C, Molina Arias M, Ortega Páez E. La vacuna frente a meningococo del serogrupo B parece reducir el riesgo de enfermedad invasiva, aunque su impacto es pequeño. Evid Pediatr. 2019 septiembre [citado: 07/03/2020];15(32). Disponible en: http://www.evidenciasenpediatria.es

  20. Maturana Martínez D, Aguilera Alonso D, García Mancebo J, Navarro ML, Hernández Sampelayo T, Rincón López EM. Enfermedad meningocócica invasiva en niños y adultos en un hospital terciario: epidemiología reciente y factores pronósticos. Anales de Pediatría. 2019 noviembre [citado: 07/03/2020];91(5):296-306. Disponible en: https://www.analesdepediatria.org/es-enfermedad-meningococica-invasiva-ninos-adultos-articulo-S1695403318305599




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com