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2022, Number 1

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Rev CONAMED 2022; 27 (1)

Empathy in Mexican dental students: association with assertiveness and family functioning

Luna D, García RS, Ramírez MV, Ávila RM, García HB, Soria GEA, Lezana FMÁ, Meneses GF

Language: Spanish
References: 40
Page: 5-11
PDF size: 147.93 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: The American Dental Association has identified empathy as the second most important clinical competence for dentists in training. Evidence indicates that this ability decreases depending on the progress of professional training, a phenomenon known as erosion of empathy. In Mexico there is little research in this regard. Objective: To evaluate the occurrence of the erosion of empathy in Mexican dental students. A secondary objective was to identify if the level of empathy is associated with sex, sociodemographic and academic variables, family functioning and assertiveness. Material and methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive and ex post facto study. 200 dental students participated. They answered a battery that included a questionnaire on sociodemographic, academic and family data, the multidimensional empathy scale, the family cohesion and adaptability assessment scale and the multidimensional assertiveness scale. Results: There were no differences between the level of empathy in students of initial training, intermediate training and terminal training (p > 0.05). Women were more empathetic than men (p < 0.05). "Unrelated" and "agglutinated" type families were associated with a low and high level of empathy respectively (p < 0.05). Assertiveness was associated with the highest level of empathy (p < 0.05). Women with low assertiveness presented a low level of empathy, while being assertive was associated with a high level (p < 0.05). Conclusions: There is no evidence of a decrease in empathy as a function of progress in the professional training of dental students. Family functioning and assertiveness are factors associated with the level of empathy and are factors to consider for the design and implementation of intervention strategies for this variable.


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