medigraphic.com
ISSN 1527-3172 (Electronic)

2020, Number 1

<< Back Next >>

MEDICC Review 2020; 22 (1)

Educational program for retiring persons: A community experience in Cienfuegos rovince, Cuba

Ponce-Laguardia TM

Language: English
References: 14
Page: 28-32
PDF size: 145.37 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Cuba has one of the fastest aging populations in Latin America and the Caribbean (20.4% of the population aged ≥60 years by 2018) and life expectancy has climbed to nearly 79 years. This demographic shift has prompted a number of initiatives to address the needs of older adults and promote active, healthy longevity.
At the community level in Cienfuegos Province, an educational program was implemented designed to foster a more active role in society for older adults and improve their quality of life upon retirement, as well as to reinforce a positive culture of aging. The program ran from June 2010 to June 2018 in the Mental Health Department of the Dr Enrique Barnet Polyclinic in the Santa Isabel de las Lajas Municipality. Twentytwo groups were constituted of 330 older adults who were trained for 10 weeks in techniques of self-awareness, personal growth, development of social skills, use of social support networks, adoption of healthy lifestyles and formulation of retirement plans. Results were assessed for each group one year after program completion and the information summarized.
Participants whose defi nitions of “older adult” and “retirement” were rooted in nondiscriminatory concepts increased from 53 to 303 and retirees not incorporated into active social/economic life decreased from 228 to 36. At the outset, only 22% had coping mechanisms to manage their new role as retirees and 9% had a life plan for retirement. One year after fi nishing the program, 318 (96%) reported they were prepared to face this new stage in their lives and 294 (89%) had completed life plans; at the start, 116 (35%) were taking antidepressants and one year later, 103 of them had reduced or eliminated the drugs. The program enriched participants’ culture of aging, as well as relationships with their families and their communities.


REFERENCES

  1. World Economy Research Center (CU). Investigaciones sobre el desarrollo humano y equidad en Cuba, 1999 [Internet]. Havana: United Nations Development Programme; 2000 [cited 2019 Jun 20]. Available from: http://biblioteca.clacso .edu.ar/clacso/se/20191016055729/Investiga cion_sobre_desarrollo_humano_y_equidad.pdf. 195 p. Spanish.

  2. National Health Statistics and Medical Records Division (CU). Anuario Estadístico de Salud 2018 [Internet]. Havana: Ministry of Public Health (CU); 2019 [cited 2019 Jun 30]. 206 p. Available from: http://fi les.sld.cu/bvscuba/fi les/2019/04/Anuario -Electrónico-Español-2018-ed-2019-com pressed.pdf. Spanish.

  3. National Bureau of Statistics and Information (CU). El Envejecimiento de la Población Cubana 2018 [Internet]. Havana: Centro de Estudios de Población y Desarrollo. Havana: 2019 Mar [cited 2019 Jun 30]. 42 p. Available from: http://www .one.cu/publicaciones/cepde/envejecimiento/en vejecimiento2018.pdf. Spanish.

  4. Aguilera Velasco MA. Intervención socioeducativa para la preparación de la jubilación en los adultos mayores. RCSO [Internet]. 2013 Mar 1 [cited 2019 Jun 30];3(1):3–4. Available from: https://revistas.unilibre.edu.co/index.php/rc _salud_ocupa/article/view/4849. Spanish.

  5. Martínez López AR, Soriano Ayala D, Vásquez Mancía YJ. Propuesta de programa psicoeducativo dirigido a facilitar el proceso de adaptación psicosocial para empleados del ministerio de educación de la departamental de San Salvador que se encuentren en período de jubilación [thesis] [Internet]. [El Salvador]: University of El Salvador School of Sciences and Humanities, Psychology Department; 2016 Sep 27 [cited 2019 Jun 30]. 135 p. Available from: http://ri.ues .edu.sv/12619/1/14102996.pdf. Spanish.

  6. Sahagún Padilla MA, Hermosillo de la Torre AE, Selva Olid C. La jubilación, hito de la vejez: revisión de aproximaciones psicosociales recientes. Quaderns de Psicología [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2019 Jun 30];16(2):27–41. Available from: https://www .quadernsdepsicologia.cat/article/view/v16-n2 -sahagun-hermosillo-selva. Spanish.

  7. Campos González B, Escobar Fuentes D. Jubilación/ Retiro Laboral: Un Estudio Exploratorio. Seminario para optar al título de Ingeniero Comercial, Mención Administración [Internet]. Santiago de Chile: University of Chile, School of Economy and Business; School of Economy and Administration; 2014 Jul [cited 2019 Jun 30]. 122 p. Available from: http://repositorio.uchile .cl/bitstream/handle/2250/116641/Tesis%20 Jubilaci%C3%B3n%20-Retiro%20Laboral .pdf?sequence=1. Spanish.

  8. Ministry of Justice (CU). Asamblea Nacional del Poder Popular. Ley No.105/08 de Seguridad Social. Gaceta ofi cial de la República de Cuba No. 004 [Internet]. Havana: Ministry of Justice (CU); 2009 Jan 22 [cited 2019 Jun 30]. p. 15–25. Available from: http://www.trabajadores.cu/docu mento/ley-105-de-seguridad-social/. Spanish.

  9. Jiménez GC. Jubilación, ¿Premio o castigo? Alternativas para las personas jubiladas en las zonas rurales [Internet]. Salamanca: University of Salamanca; 2014 [cited 2019 Jun 30]. 19 p. Available from: http://casus.usal.es/blog/ep2015/ fi les/2015/12/Borrador-de-Carmen-Jimenez.pdf. Spanish.

  10. National Assembly of People’s Power (CU). Ley Nº 24/ 1979 de Seguridad Social [Internet]. Havana: National Assembly of People’s Power; 1979 [cited 2019 Jun 30]. 25 p. Available from: http://www.sld.cu/galerias/pdf/sitios/ insat/l-24-1979.pdf. Spanish.

  11. Monreal-Bosch P, Perera S, Martínez González M, Selva C. La percepción del colectivo médico sobre la gestión del proceso de desvinculación. Cad Saúde Pública [Internet]. 2017 Aug 21 [cited 2019 Jun 30];33(8):e00041915. Available from: https://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?pid=S0102-311X2017001005010&script=sci_arttext&tlng=es. Spanish.

  12. National Bureau of Statistics and Information (CU). Anuario Estadístico. Cienfuegos 2016. Lajas [Internet]. Havana: National Bureau of Statistics and Information (CU); 2017 [cited 2019 May]. 130 p. Available from: http://www.onei.gob .cu/sites/default/fi les/anuario_est_municipal/04 _lajas_0.pdf. Spanish.

  13. Moriyama IM. Indicators of social change. Problems in the measurements of health status. New York: Russel Sage Foundation; 1968. 593 p.

  14. Ponce Laguardia TM, Matheu Jiménez D, Díaz Mora O, Cruz Cruz CA, Cabrera Parodis GM, Fernández Quintero N. Impacto de la implementación de un programa educativo de preparación de los trabajadores para la jubilación. Rev Cubana Salud Trabajo. 2017 [cited 2019 Jun 30];18(2):21–5. Available from: https://www .medigraphic.com/pdfs/revcubsaltra/cst-2017/ cst172d.pdf. Spanish.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com