medigraphic.com
Boletín Clínico de la Asociación Médica del Hospital Infantil del Estado de Sonora

2018, Number 1

<< Back Next >>

Bol Clin Hosp Infant Edo Son 2018; 35 (1)

Seroprevalence of leptospirosis in Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico

Field-Cortázares J, Escárcega-Ávila AM, Barreras-Serrano A, Romero-Valenzuela SA, Tinoco GL

Language: Spanish
References: 28
Page: 14-19
PDF size: 204.01 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the spirochete Leptospira interrogans; among its vectors stand out: rats, dogs, cattle and pigs. The symptoms are fever, chills, conjunctival effusion, epistaxis, myalgia, intense headache, nausea, vomiting, sore throat, rash and hepatomegaly. There are no previous studies and it is considered that this disease does not exist in Ensenada. To estimate the seroprevalence of Leptospirosis It was used the serological of immunofluorescence assay (IFI) in humans of Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico, treated in 3 clinical analysis laboratories. The present transversal study was carried out between October 2011 and September 2012. We collected 116 samples of patients from Ensenada, Baja California. A total of 116 patient samples were collected from Ensenada, Baja California. The blood sera were analyzed for the detection of Leptospira interrogans implemented IFI from the laboratory FULLER, which detects IgG antibodies against Leptospira interrogans. The seroprevalence of Leptospirosis was 15.5% (95% IC 8.9-22.1) in humans aged 1-75 years with a history of headache, of which 10 were men and 8 were women. The prevalence was higher than that reported in other parts of the country, for what should be included in the differential diagnosis of the health sector.


REFERENCES

  1. CDC. Etymologia: Leptospira. Emer Infec Dise Jour, 2013; 19: 392.

  2. Adler B. Leptospira and leptospirosis. Ben Adler Ed. Springer 2015.

  3. 3 Romero-Cabello R. Microbiología y parasitología humana: Bases etiológicas de las enfermedades infecciosas y parasitarias. 3 ed: Editorial Médica Panamericana, 2007. 1029-1036.

  4. 4 Longo DL, Kasper DL, Jameson JL, et al. Harrison: principios de medicina interna. 18 ed: Editorial Mc-Graw Hill: México, 2012. 1392-1396.

  5. Gasem MH, Farida H, Ahmed A, et al. Are Pathogenic Leptospira Species Agents of Community-Acquired Pneumonia? Case Reports of Leptospirosis Presenting as Pneumonia. J Clin Microbiol, 2016; 54: 197-199.

  6. Murdoch DR, Woods CW, Zimmerman MD, et al. The etiology of febrile illness in adults presenting to Patan Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal. Am J Trop Med Hyg, 2004; 70: 670-675.

  7. Navinan MR, Rajapakse S. Cardiac involvement in leptospirosis. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2012; 106: 515-520.

  8. Segura ER, Ganoza CA, Campos K, et al. Clinical Spectrum of Pulmonary Involvement in Leptospirosis in a Region of Endemicity, with Quantification of Leptospiral Burden. Clin Infec Dis, 2005; 40: 343-351.

  9. Zaltzman M, Kallenbach JM, Goss GD, et al. Adult respiratory distress syndrome in Leptospira canicola infection. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed), 1981; 283: 519-520.

  10. CONAVE. Leptospirosis. Manual de procedimientos estandarizados para la vigilancia epidemiológica. Epidemiológica DgdESdSGTIdCNplV, ed, 2012. (Verificar si es revista o libro, si es libro falta lugar, editorial y páginas, si es revista reducir el nombre, incluir número y páginas.

  11. Sánchez-Montes S, Espinosa-Martínez DV, Ríos-Muñoz CA, et al. Leptospirosis in Mexico: Epidemiology and Potential Distribution of Human Cases. PLoS ONE 2015; 10: e0133720.

  12. Jiménez-Coello M, Vado-Solís I, Cárdenas-Marrufo MF, et al. Serological survey of canine leptospirosis in the tropics of Yucatan Mexico using two different tests. Act Trop, 2008; 106: 22-26.

  13. Wong M, Katz AR, Li D, et al. Leptospira Infection Prevalence in Small Mammal Host Populations on Three Hawaiian Islands. Am J Trop Med Hyg, 2012; 87: 337- 341.

  14. Bharti AR, Nally JE, Ricaldi JN, et al. Leptospirosis: a zoonotic disease of global importance. The Lan Infec Dis, 2003; 3: 757-771.

  15. Acevedo-Whitehouse K, de la Cueva H, Gulland F, et al. Evidence of Leptospira interrogans infection in California sea lion pups from the Gulf of California. J Wildl Dis, 2003; 39: 145-151.

  16. Benacer D, Mohd Zain SN, Amran F, et al. Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Leptospira interrogans and Leptospira borgpetersenii Isolates from the Urban Rat Populations of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Am J Trop Med Hyg, 2013; 88: 704-709.

  17. Bunnell J, Hice C, Watts D, et al. Detection of pathogenic Leptospira spp. infections among mammals captured in the Peruvian Amazon basin region. Am J Trop Med Hyg, 2000; 63: 255-258.

  18. Cameron CE, Zuerner RL, Raverty S, et al. Detection of Pathogenic Leptospira Bacteria in Pinniped Populations via PCR and Identification of a Source of Transmission for Zoonotic Leptospirosis in the Marine Environment. J Clin Microbiol, 2008; 46: 1728-1733.

  19. Franco Bessa TA, Spichler A, Berardis Chapola EG, et al. The Contribution of Bats to Leptospirosis Transmission in Sao Paulo City, Brazil. Am J Trop Med Hyg, 2010; 82: 315-317.

  20. Magnarelli LA, Anderson JF, Apperson CS, et al. Spirochetes in ticks and antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi in white-tailed deer from Connecticut, New York State, and North Carolina. J Wildl Dis, 1986; 22: 178-188.

  21. Matthias MA, Diaz MM, Campos KJ, et al. DIVERSITY OF BAT-ASSOCIATED LEPTOSPIRA IN THE PERUVIAN AMAZON INFERRED BY BAYESIAN PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF 16S RIBOSOMAL DNA SEQUENCES. Am J Trop Med Hyg, 2005; 73: 964-974.

  22. Arbour J, Blais M-C, Carioto L, et al. Clinical Leptospirosis in Three Cats (2001-2009). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc, 2012; 48: 256-260.

  23. Ahmed SA, Sandai DA, Musa S, et al. Rapid Diagnosis of Leptospirosis by Multiplex PCR. MJMS, 2012; 19: 9-16.

  24. Bourhy P, Bremont S, Zinini F, et al. Comparison of Real-Time PCR Assays for Detection of Pathogenic Leptospira spp. in Blood and Identification of Variations in Target Sequences. J Clin Microbiol, 2011; 49: 2154- 2160.

  25. Agampodi SB, Matthias MA, Moreno AC, et al. Utility of Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction in Leptospirosis Diagnosis: Association of Level of Leptospiremia and Clinical Manifestations in Sri Lanka. Clin Infec Dis, 2012; 54: 1249-1255.

  26. Felt SA, Wasfy MO, El-Tras WF, et al. Cross-Species Surveillance of Leptospira in Domestic and Peri-Domestic Animals in Mahalla City, Gharbeya Governorate, Egypt. Am J Trop Med Hyg, 2011; 84: 420-425.

  27. Palaniappan R, Chang Y, Chang C, et al. Evaluation of lig-based conventional and real time PCR for the detection of pathogenic leptospires. Molec Cell Prob, 2005; 19: 111-117.

  28. Littman MP. Canine borreliosis. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract, 2003; 33: 827-862.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com