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ISSN 2225-4676 (Electronic)

2020, Number 3

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Rev Cubana Neurol Neurocir 2020; 10 (3)

Surgical complications of ventricular-peritoneal shunt in hydrocephalic children and adolescents

Leyva MT, Alonso FL, Díaz ÁM, Morera PM, Barrios OI

Language: Spanish
References: 47
Page: 1-21
PDF size: 299.44 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Objective: To describe the serious, mild and specific complications of children treated for hydrocephalus by ventricular-peritoneal shunt.
Methods: A descriptive study was carried out of children and adolescents up to 18 years of age, of both sexes, admitted with diagnosis of hydrocephalus at Juan Manuel Márquez Pediatric Teaching Hospital, from January 2004 to December 2007. The universe was 538 patients; and 112made up the sample. They were followed up until December 2017. The variables used were age, sex, skin color, time of follow-up of the patients, causes of hydrocephalus, derivative systems used, surgical time and surgical complications. The results were presented summarized in absolute frequencies and percentages.
Results: Male sex predominated and the average age was less than one year. The most frequent causes were tumor and secondary to intraventricular hemorrhage. The most widely used ventricular-peritoneal shunts were pressure difference valves (60.7%), with failure rate of 66.1%. The mean surgical time was significantly longer in children who had ventricular-peritoneal shunt infection (56.8 minutes vs. 45.5 minutes in those who it did not occur). 75% of the patients showed more than one complication in their evolution; 33% had serious complications and 64.2% had mild ones. The most frequent specific complications of ventricular-peritoneal shunts were mechanical (61%), followed by neurological (48.2%), and abdominal ones represented 14.7%.
Conclusions: Most of the children showed mild complications (62%); the mechanical complications were the most frequent, followed by the neurological and infectious ones. In our study, the sepsis index for ventricular-peritoneal shunt was the highest in comparison with other international studies, due to multifactorial causation.


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