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2020, Number 3

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Rev Cubana Med Trop 2020; 72 (3)

Seroprevalence of antibodies against Leptospira spp. in pigs raised in Portoviejo, Ecuador

Zambrano GMP, Lazo PL, Guerrero SMV, Villavicencio MTI, Vera LLE, Vera MRR, Fimia DR, Bulnes GC, Castillo CJC

Language: Spanish
References: 22
Page: 1-14
PDF size: 404.37 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Leptospirosis is an infectious disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira sp. bacteria. It affects a large number of mammals, including humans, and is considered to be one of the most widely distributed zoonotic diseases worldwide.
Objective: Determine the seroprevalence of antibodies against Leptospira spp. and the risk factors associated to leptospirosis in some pig populations from Portoviejo.
Methods: A descriptive study was conducted from October 2018 to March 2019 of pigs raised in parishes from Portoviejo Canton in Manabí, Ecuador. A total 280 blood samples were collected (115 from pigs raised technically and 165 from pigs raised in backyards), 140 in the rainy season (January-March) and 140 in the dry season (October-December), so that the samples were representative of the two seasons. Serological diagnosis was performed with the microscopic agglutination test.
Results: In technical breeding, seroprevalence was 16.52% (19/115), whereas in backyard breeding it was 20.61% (34/165). It was most common in serovars Australis and Icterohaemorrhagiae, with 14.28% (40/280), respectively, and Bataviae with 13.21% (37/280). Risk associated to Leptospira infection was greater in sows, in pig populations which drank river water, and in areas where wild rodent control was not present.
Conclusions: Seroprevalence of antibodies against Leptospira spp. was moderate in technical and backyard pig raising populations, but it is a potential hazard for the human population exposed. In both breeding systems, the most common serovars were Australis, Icterohaemorrhagiae and Bataviae.


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