medigraphic.com

2002, Number 1

<< Back Next >>

Rev Fac Med UNAM 2002; 45 (1)

Psichoneuroimmunology

Gómez GB, Escobar IA

Language: Spanish
References: 19
Page: 22-26
PDF size: 48.69 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Illness results from the interaction of several factors, some external (viruses, bacteria, toxins and chemicals), others natural or pertaining to the organism (from genetic to emotional) and other psycho-social factors. Interaction primarily occurs throughout the central nervous system, the endocrine system and the immunologic apparatus. Interaction works through conditioned responses travelling in both directions from and to the limbic system, the hypothalamus-hypophysis suprarenal axis, the autonomous nervous system and finally, the lymphatic organs, the spleen and ganglia, lymphocytes and macrophages.
The monograph analyses the implicated neural systems located in the cortex, sub-cortical nuclei and the brain stem. In addition, analysis is given about the chemical mediators that intervene in modulating the response of various tissues, hormone secretion, paracrine secretions such as the vaso-active polypeptide, production of proteic mediators such as the interleukins and finally, the activation of secondary messengers beneath the cell membrane. In summary, it is ultimately the integrated response by various tissues that explains the disease.


REFERENCES

  1. Felten DL. Neural influence on immune responses: underlying suppositions and basic principles of neural – immune signaling. Prog Brain Res 2000; 122: 381-389.

  2. Heinze G. Mente-cerebro: Sus señales y su repercusión en el sistema inmunológico. Sal Ment 2001; 24: 3-9.

  3. Kemeny ME, Gruenewald TL. Affect, cognition, the immune system and health. Prog Brain Res 2000; 122: 291-308.

  4. Metalnikov S, Chorine V. Role des reflexes conditionnels dans I’ immunite. Ann Ins Pasteur (Paris) 1928; 40: 893-900. Citado en referencia 9.

  5. Metalnikov S, Chorine V. Role des reflexes condionnels dans la formation des anticorps. Compt Rend Seanc Soc Biol Fil 1928; 102: 133-134. Citado en referencia 9.

  6. Ader R, Cohen N. Behaviorally conditioned immunosuppression. Psychosom Med 1975; 37: 330-340.

  7. Ader R. Psychoneuroimmunology, New York: Academic Press, 1981.

  8. Felten DL, Cohen N, Ader R, Felten SY, Carlson SL, Roszman TL. Central neural circuits involved in neural immune interactions. En: Ader R., Felten DL, y Cohen N. Eds. Psychoneuroimmunology, 2ª. Ed., New York: Academic Press, 1991: 3-25.

  9. Ader R, Cohen N. The influence of conditionating on immune responses. En: Ader R., Felten DL, y Cohen N, Eds. Psychoneuroimmunology, 2ª. Ed., New York: Academic Press, 1991: 611-646.

  10. Sternberg EM. Interactions between the immune and neuroendocrine system. Prog Brain Res 2000; 122: 35-42.

  11. Giovambattista A, Chisari AN, Gaillard RC, Spenidi E. Modulatory role of the epinergic system in the neuroendocrine-immune system function. Neuroimmunomod. 2000; 8: 98-106.

  12. Levite M. Nervous immunity: neurotransmitters, extracellular K+ and T-cell function. Trends Immunol. 2001; 22: 2-5.

  13. Sanders VM, Powell-Oliver FE. b2-Adrenoceptor stimulation increases the number of antigen-specific precursor B lymphocytes that differentiate into IgM-secreting cells without affecting burst size. J Immunol 1992; 148: 1822-1829.

  14. Deuschle M, Schweiger U, Weber B et al. Diurnal activity and pulsality of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal system in male depressed patients and healthy controls. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999; 82: 234-238.

  15. Yehuda R, Southwick SM, Mason JW et al. Interactions of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the catecholaminergic system of the stress disorder. In: Guiller EL, editor. Biological assessment and treatment of PTSD. Washington: American Psychiatric Press 1990.

  16. Starkman MN, Gebarski SS, Berent S, Schteingart DE. Hippocampal formation volume, memory dysfunction, and cortisol levels in patients with Cushing’s Syndrome. Biol Psychiat 1992; 32: 756- 765.

  17. Bergquist J et al. Discovery of endogenous catecholamines in lymphocytes and evidence for catecholamine regulation of lymphocyte function via an autocrine loop. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994; 91: 12912-12916.

  18. Kronfol Z, Remick DG. Cytokines and the brain: Implications for clinical psychiatry. Am J Psychiatry 2000; 157: 5.

  19. Becher B, Barker PA, Owens T, Antel JP. CD95-CD95L: can the brain learn from the immune system? Trends Neurosci 1998; 21 (3): 114-117.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com