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2020, Number 3

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Rev Cubana Farm 2020; 53 (3)

Pharmacognostic, toxicological assessment and hemostatic potentials of the leaves and stems of Guarea guidonia (L.) Sleumer

Gutiérrez GYI, Scull LR, Hernández MM, González AF, Casanova ORM, García SG

Language: Spanish
References: 40
Page: 1-19
PDF size: 532.10 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Guarea guidonia (L.) Sleumer (Meliaceae) it is commonly known as yamagua, trompillo o guaraguao. It is broadly distributed in Cuba, specifically in flat lands and in the banks of rivers. It has been traditionally used as expectorant and the leaves are effective in the treatment of intestinal hemorrhage and hematuria; however, the scientific studies related with this species are scarse.
Objective: Evaluate the pharmacognostic parameters, safety and hemostatic activity of the hydroalcoholic extracts from the leaves and stems of Guarea guidonia (L.) Sleumer (Meliaceae).
Methods: The species in vegetative state was collected in November, 2017 in Ceiba del Agua, Artemisa province, Cuba. The hydroalcoholic extracts were obtained by maceration and their quality parameters were measured. It was estimated the phytochemical profile by thin layer chromatography, phenols quantification by Folin-Ciocalteu and determination of flavonoids by the colorimetric method of aluminium chloride. It was assessed the acute oral toxicity and the hemostatic activity through the bleeding model in the rat’s leg.
Results: There were found some differences in the quality parameters of the hydroalcoholic parameters of leaves and stems of the species. The chemical profile suggested in general the presence of phenolic compounds and triterpenoids, although some differences were identified in the content of phenols and flavonoids, being higher for the leaves extract. The extracts did not generate toxic effects in the oral way to the dose of 2000 mg/kg of weight in the animals for experimentation and they manifested hemostatic activity with a decrease in the bleeding time similar to K1 vitamin and showing a good hemostatic effect under the tested conditions.
Conclusions: The results made a valuable contribution to the study of biologic properties of G. guidonia that grows in Cuba providing the first findings on its hemostatic effect’s demonstration which has been referred traditionally for the species. The pharmacognostic assessment of the extracts allowed establishing a group of parameters that ensure the quality of this vegetal species, which becomes a precedent for the creation of the future monography on the plant.


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