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Medicina & Laboratorio

2017, Número 09-10

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Medicina & Laboratorio 2017; 23 (09-10)


Morfología e inmunofenotipo de las células plasmáticas en el mieloma múltiple

Rincón-Vásquez NJ, Jaramillo-Arbeláez PE, Llanos-Albornoz CM

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 79
Paginas: 443-458
Archivo PDF: 765.10 Kb.


RESUMEN

el avance en el conocimiento de la fisiopatología del mieloma múltiple ha permitido el acercamiento a la comprensión de su heterogeneidad, en términos del comportamiento clínico, citomorfológico, fenotípico, bioquímico, genético y molecular, lo que contribuye al desarrollo de nuevos tratamientos y al establecimiento de modelos que apuntan hacia una cronicidad de la enfermedad. Los cambios morfológicos de la célula plasmática en el mieloma múltiple indican, principalmente, alteraciones a nivel del núcleo, que orientan a la diferenciación de las células reactivas de aquellas clonales; además, que su inmadurez es de mal pronóstico. Igualmente, la expresión de ciertos marcadores monoclonales, y la ausencia de otros, detectados mediante citometría de flujo, clasifican inmunofenotípicamente a las células neoplásicas del mieloma múltiple, lo que permite considerar esta herramienta como una de las mejores en el diagnóstico y en el manejo de la enfermedad mínima residual. En esta revisión se pretende enfatizar en la importancia de identificar los cambios morfológicos que se dan en las células plasmáticas y su relación con las características inmunofenotípicas en las neoplasias, que tienen una asociación pronóstica importante en el desarrollo del mieloma múltiple.


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