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2021, Número 1

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Rev Odotopediatr Latinoam 2021; 11 (1)


Prevalencia de caries de infancia temprana severa y factores de riesgo asociados en un grupo de niños del área metropolitana de Guatemala

Bustamante CB, Villagrán CE, Moreno QA, Bustamante-Castillo M

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 34
Paginas: 62-75
Archivo PDF: 376.12 Kb.


RESUMEN

Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia y severidad de caries de infancia temprana severa y factores de riesgo asociados en una poblaciónn de niños de 6-36 meses de edad, que asisten a guarderías estatales del área metropolitana de la ciudad de Guatemala. Materiales y métodos: Diseño analítico transversal. Se examinaron clínicamente 110 niños de 13 a 36 meses de edad para determinar el estado de caries según los criterios del Sistema Internacional de Detección y Valoración de Caries (Kappa 0.69). Además, se determinaron las características sociodemográficas, hábitos de alimentación e higiene dental a través de una entrevista a las madres de los participantes y se realizó análisis descriptivo de estas variables. Para determinar la relación entre variables se aplicaron las pruebas estadísticas U de Man Whitney y Tau-b de Kendall. Resultados: Se encontró una prevalencia de caries de infancia temprana severa de 81.8%. En promedio cada individuo presentó 6.74 lesiones cariosas (IC 95% 5.62 - 7.92). El número promedio de lesiones no cavitadas fue 6.06 y de lesiones cavitadas fue 2.51. Se encontró que la edad y el porcentaje de superficies dentarias con presencia de placa están significativamente asociados con las caries de infancia temprana severa. Conclusiones: La alta prevalencia de caries (81.8%) y el carácter reversible de 2/3 de las lesiones encontradas demanda intervenciones preventivas de salud dental en esta población.


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