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2021, Número 2

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Rev Mex Anest 2021; 44 (2)


La importancia de las mascarillas no médicas en la población general durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Una revisión narrativa

Ramírez-Guerrero JA

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 56
Paginas: 130-138
Archivo PDF: 349.69 Kb.


RESUMEN

La pandemia de COVID-19 es un nuevo y gran reto al que la medicina se ha tenido que enfrentar. La información científica crece rápidamente y uno de los aspectos que ha generado controversia es el posible papel que puede jugar el uso generalizado de los cubrebocas no médicos para tratar de detener la diseminación de casos. En esta revisión narrativa se examinan los posibles mecanismos de transmisión del virus SARS-CoV-2 con énfasis en el papel de los aerosoles, la historia de su uso dentro y fuera del medio hospitalario; se revisan los mecanismos por los que ofrecen protección, la eficiencia en pruebas de laboratorio donde se demuestra que los cubre bocas de varias capas de materiales híbridos son más eficaces, y el impacto benéfico que han demostrado en la población general. La evidencia demuestra que su uso generalizado ayuda a reducir los contagios al disminuir la transmisión de gotas y aerosoles infecciosos, y el resultado es superior mientras más generalizado es su empleo. Ante la imposibilidad de dotar a toda la población con cubre bocas médicos, se deben adoptar políticas públicas para el uso generalizado de cubre bocas no médicos de un diseño adecuado, junto con estrategias de higiene, distancia social, evitar lugares cerrados y seguimiento de contactos.


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