2021, Número 02
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Ginecol Obstet Mex 2021; 89 (02)
Evaluación del síndrome genitourinario de la menopausia con el Vulvovaginal Symptoms Questionnaire en afrodescendientes del Caribe colombiano
Monterrosa-Castro Á, Redondo-Mendoza V, Monterrosa-Blanco A
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 37
Paginas: 115-128
Archivo PDF: 232.48 Kb.
RESUMEN
Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia del síndrome genitourinario de la menopausia,
establecer su repercusión en la sexualidad, en la vida emocional y su asociación con
el estado menstrual y las etapas posmenopáusicas.
Materiales y Métodos: Estudio transversal efectuado en 2019 en mujeres
afrodescendientes del Caribe colombiano, en etapa del climaterio, captadas en sus
residencias y encuestadas con el
Vulvovaginal Symptoms Questionnaire. Se realizó
regresión logística multivariada no ajustada: síndrome genitourinario de la menopausia
y de sus repercusiones (variables dependientes), estado menstrual y etapas
posmenopáusicas (variables independientes). Evaluación voluntaria anónima y con
consentimiento informado.
Resultados: Se encuestaron 369 pacientes afrodescendientes del Caribe colombiano,
con 49.1 ± 5.8 años. El 66.3% cursaba la posmenopausia temprana y 33.7%
la tardía. El 86.2% tenían actividad sexual. Los síntomas manifestados con más frecuencia
fueron: irritación, prurito y sequedad vulvovaginal. El 23.3% (86 de 369) tenía
síndrome genitourinario de la menopausia. El 14% de las mujeres con este síndrome
que mantenían actividad sexual reportó afectación del deseo. En 20.6% (14 de 68) se
identificó afectación en la sexualidad, en 22.1% (19 de 86) repercusiones en la calidad
de vida y en 25.6% (22 de 86) en el área emocional. No se encontró asociación entre
los estados menstruales, las etapas posmenopáusicas y el síndrome genitourinario de
la menopausia (p › 0.05).
Conclusiones: Un porcentaje significativo (23.3%) de las mujeres encuestadas
tenía síndrome genitourinario de la menopausia. El 20% de las afectadas expresó
repercusiones en la sexualidad, en la vida diaria y emocional. En este grupo de afrodescendientes
colombianas, en el climaterio, no se observó asociación entre las etapas
de la menopausia y el síndrome evaluado.
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