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2020, Número 4

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Acta Med 2020; 18 (4)


Enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) y embarazo

Domínguez PR, Alva AN, Delgadillo MJJ, Enríquez LR, Flores PF, Portillo UEF, Chio MR

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 37
Paginas: 399-406
Archivo PDF: 185.83 Kb.


RESUMEN

La enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) es una enfermedad emergente con un rápido aumento en casos y muertes desde su primera identificación en Wuhan, China en diciembre de 2019. En medio de un brote en rápida evolución que podría tener efectos significativos en nuestra infraestructura médica y de salud pública, deben incluirse las necesidades particulares de las mujeres embarazadas. Se ha descrito que el virus SARS-CoV-2 tiene predilección por el receptor ECA II presente en los neumocitos, enterocitos y a nivel placentario. La afección a nivel placentario podría originar hipoperfusión y trombosis, condicionando restricción en el crecimiento intrauterino y/o parto pretérmino. Los síntomas más comunes en la mujer embarazada con COVID-19 son fiebre, tos, dolor muscular, disnea y datos de dificultad respiratoria. El diagnóstico se deberá realizar mediante RT-PCR para SARS-CoV-2 en exudado nasofaríngeo y orofaríngeo. Es recomendable que el personal sanitario que atiende a las gestantes, siga de forma estricta las medidas de prevención recomendadas. Actualmente no existe una vacuna para dicha enfermedad; sin embargo, se han descrito diversos fármacos que podrían ser útiles, tomando en cuenta el riesgo-beneficio de cada uno de éstos.


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