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2002, Número 3

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Rev Mex Pediatr 2002; 69 (3)


Inmunoprotección por leche humana

Gavilanes PS, Manjarrez HA, Cravioto A

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 77
Paginas: 111-119
Archivo PDF: 95.56 Kb.


RESUMEN

La lactancia con leche humana ha mostrado ser un factor protector contra infecciones intestinales y respiratorias. La protección específica por leche humana se ha atribuido a la presencia de inmunoglobulina A secretora (IgA) además contiene numerosos factores de defensa inespecíficos que también protegen a los recién nacidos contra bacterias y sustancias extrañas. La leche humana se suma a los mecanismos de defensa contra enfermedades infecciosas y reduce el riesgo de alergias. La IgA es el compuesto inmunoquímico que prodomina en la leche humana; forma parte de la primera línea de defensa de la mucosa intestinal contra gérmenes capaces de invadir el epitelio. La principal función de la sIgA es bloquear la adherencia de agentes patógenos a la mucosa intestinal. La especialidad de los anticuerpos IgA es en respuesta a los antígenos que penetran por vía respiratoria e intestinal de las madres ante la presencia de microorganismos del entorno que habita, por lo que la leche secretada provee a los niños protección específica contra agentes potencialmente patógenos presentes en el ambiente.


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