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2020, Número 5

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Salud Mental 2020; 43 (5)


Self-perceived health in psychiatrists and psychiatry trainees. The role of perfectionism and distress

Guízar-Sánchez M, Yoldi-Negrete R, Robles-García CA, Tovilla-Zarate L, Manjarrez-Gutiérrez CK, Lugowski-Rivero G, Heinze-Martin AF

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 41
Paginas: 201-208
Archivo PDF: 187.78 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción. La autopercepción de la salud (APS) se relaciona con enfermedad y bienestar. Los psiquiatras reportan desgaste emocional y trastornos mentales con mayor frecuencia que otros médicos. El perfeccionismo puede influir en la percepción de la salud en estos profesionistas. Objetivo. Comparar y determinar la asociación de variables demográficas, condiciones de salud, distrés y perfeccionismo con la APS. Método. Se realizó un estudio transversal, retrospectivo y comparativo mediante una encuesta en línea. Se incluyeron psiquiatras y residentes de psiquiatría que participaron voluntariamente. Se registraron variables demográficas, enfermedades médicas y psiquiátricas (autorreporte). La APS se evaluó con una escala análogo-visual de 10 puntos y el perfeccionismo con la Escala Multidimensional de Perfeccionismo. Se realizaron análisis comparativos y modelos de regresión lineal múltiple. Resultados. Se reclutaron 330 residentes y 355 psiquiatras. Los psiquiatras reportaron más enfermedades físicas (32.4% vs. 15%, p ‹ .001), distrés (p ‹ .001) y perfeccionismo (p ‹ .001). Más del 50% de los participantes reportaron ansiedad y depresión. Una mayor APS se asoció con tener pareja y mayor distrés en los residentes, y con la ausencia de una enfermedad física, menor preocupación por errores y mayores estándares personales en los psiquiatras. Discusión y conclusión. El perfeccionismo orientado hacía sí mismo puede tener un componente motivacional acentuado por la competitividad y el individualismo. Tener una pareja y presentar mayor distrés en los residentes pudiera crear una sensación de satisfacción por logros. La creación de estrategias para priorizar y alcanzar objetivos es necesaria para tener un equilibrio de vida sin afectar la satisfacción personal y la sensación de logro.


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