2020, Número 4
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Salud Mental 2020; 43 (4)
Cognitive and clinic profile of volatile substance users
Alonso-Matías L, Reyes-Zamorano E, González-Olvera JJ
Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 47
Paginas: 167-174
Archivo PDF: 449.91 Kb.
RESUMEN
Introducción. El trastorno por uso de inhalables ha aumentado a pesar de las consecuencias médicas
adversas. Debido a las dificultades que entraña trabajar con estas poblaciones, hasta hace poco no había
evidencia clínica cuantificable de las características cognitivas de los usuarios de inhalables en la abstinencia
temprana y de los efectos clínicos del tiempo de consumo.
Objetivo. Se analizó el rendimiento
clínico y cognitivo de usuarios de inhalables y los efectos clínicos del tiempo de consumo.
Método. Estudio
transversal en el que se incluyeron 28 adultos usuarios de inhalables, divididos en dos grupos dependiendo
del tiempo de consumo, menor o mayor a siete años. Todos fueron evaluados en términos de valores
clínicos y neuropsicológicos.
Resultados. Los consumidores de inhalables mostraron presencia de craving
(
M = 479.14,
SD = 213.51), comportamiento frontal alterado antes (
M = 119.18,
SD = 29.53) y actualmente
(
M = 130,
SD = 33.03), problemas para dormir (
M = 8.93,
SD = 3.4) y dificultades cognitivas (control
inhibitorio, planificación, toma de decisiones, memoria de trabajo, fluidez verbal y flexibilidad cognitiva);
todas estas tareas fueron estadísticamente significativas (
p = ‹ .05).
Discusión y conclusión. El funcionamiento
ejecutivo se ve afectado en el trastorno por uso de inhalables. Estas alteraciones aumentan en
la abstinencia y en la apetencia, y los cambios se mantienen independientes del tiempo de uso.
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