medigraphic.com
ISSN 2500-7106 (Digital)
ISSN 0123-2576 (Impreso)
Medicina & Laboratorio

2014, Número 03-04

<< Anterior Siguiente >>

Medicina & Laboratorio 2014; 20 (03-04)


Prevalencia y susceptibilidad antimicrobiana de Salmonella spp. aislada de animales exóticos que conviven con niños

Sacristán-Rodríguez PA, Pérez-Osorio LC, Méndez-Rodríguez I

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 76
Paginas: 169-184
Archivo PDF: 325.88 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción: El género Salmonella comprende bacilos Gram negativos anaerobios facultativos, fermentadores de glucosa, positivos para citrato y negativos para oxidasa, lactosa, sacarosa, urea e indol, móviles y productoras de sulfuro (excepto Salmonella enterica serotipo Typhi). La infección por Salmonella no tifoideas se produce al ingerir alimentos o agua contaminados con heces de humanos o de animales portadores como reptiles y anfibios. Objetivo: Detectar la presencia de Salmonella spp. en muestras de reptiles, anfibios y aves que conviven con niños menores de 12 años y establecer la sensibilidad antimicrobiana de los aislamientos. Materiales y métodos: Se recolectaron muestras de heces de 50 animales (reptiles, anfibios y aves) en Bogotá D.C. y seis municipios del departamento de Cundinamarca, Colombia. Los animales exóticos registrados durante el muestreo se comunicaron a la Secretaria del Medio Ambiente y a la Corporación Autónoma Regional (CAR) Cundinamarca. Las muestras se procesaron en medio Rapapport-Vassiliadis y agar MacConkey a 37 °C por 24 horas. Se realizaron pruebas bioquímicas, de aglutinación y antibiograma de 11 antibióticos utilizados para el tratamiento de las infecciones por Salmonella spp. Resultados: A partir de heces de 14 anfibios, seis reptiles, 30 aves y una muestra humana se obtuvieron 29 (58%) aislados de Salmonella spp., correspondientes a 11 anfibios (78,6%), cuatro reptiles (66,6%) y 14 aves (50%). Cinco aislamientos se identificaron como Salmonella entérica subsp. arizonae. La tasa de resistencia in vitro a los antibióticos evaluados fue de 34% a 94%. Conclusión: La presencia de Salmonella enterica en animales exóticos que conviven con niños menores de 12 años, además de la elevada resistencia a los antibióticos probados, constituye un problema de salud pública que plantea la implementación de medidas preventivas en el cuidado de estos animales.


REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)

  1. Popoff MY, Le Minor L. Genus XXXIII. Salmonella. In: Garrity GM, Brenner DJ, Krieg NR, Staley JR, eds. Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Volume 2: The Proteobacteria Part B: The Gammaproteobacteria. Vol. 2 (ed 2nd). New York, USA: Springer Science & Business Media, Inc.; 2005: 764-800.

  2. Lan R, Reeves PR, Octavia S. Population structure, origins and evolution of major Salmonella enterica clones. Infect Genet Evol 2009; 9: 996- 1005.

  3. Sanchez-Vargas FM, Abu-El-Haija MA, Gomez- Duarte OG. Salmonella infections: an update on epidemiology, management, and prevention. Travel Med Infect Dis 2011; 9: 263-277.

  4. Tran QT, Gomez G, Khare S, Lawhon SD, Raffatellu M, Baumler AJ, et al. The Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi Vi capsular antigen is expressed after the bacterium enters the ileal mucosa. Infect Immun 2010; 78: 527-535.

  5. Hendriksen RS, Vieira AR, Karlsmose S, Lo Fo Wong DM, Jensen AB, Wegener HC, et al. Global monitoring of Salmonella serovar distribution from the World Health Organization Global Foodborne Infections Network Country Data Bank: results of quality assured laboratories from 2001 to 2007. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2011; 8: 887-900.

  6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). National Salmonella Surveillance Annual Report, 2011. Atlanta, Georgia: US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC; 2013.

  7. Souza MJ. Bacterial and parasitic zoonoses of exotic pets. Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract 2009; 12: 401-415, Table of Contents.

  8. Magnino S, Colin P, Dei-Cas E, Madsen M, McLauchlin J, Nockler K, et al. Biological risks associated with consumption of reptile products. Int J Food Microbiol 2009; 134: 163- 175.

  9. Heffelfinger RN, Loftus P, Cabrera C, Pribitkin EA. Lizard bites of the head and neck. J Emerg Med 2012; 43: 627-629.

  10. Gatica-Colima A, López-Esparza J. Aislamiento de Salmonella y otras enterobacterias de carne fresca de víbora de cascabel Crotalus spp. Revista Latinoamericana de Recursos Naturales 2011; 7 (2): 78-88.

  11. Majowicz SE, Musto J, Scallan E, Angulo FJ, Kirk M, O’Brien SJ, et al. The global burden of nontyphoidal Salmonella gastroenteritis. Clin Infect Dis 2010; 50: 882-889.

  12. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Reptile-associated salmonellosis--selected states, 1998-2002. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2003; 52: 1206-1209.

  13. Mermin J, Hutwagner L, Vugia D, Shallow S, Daily P, Bender J, et al. Reptiles, amphibians, and human Salmonella infection: a population- based, case-control study. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 38 Suppl 3: S253-261.

  14. de Jong B, Andersson Y, Ekdahl K. Effect of regulation and education on reptile-associated salmonellosis. Emerg Infect Dis 2005; 11: 398- 403.

  15. Meyer Sauteur PM, Relly C, Hug M, Wittenbrink MM, Berger C. Risk factors for invasive reptile-associated salmonellosis in children. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2013; 13: 419-421.

  16. Hidalgo-Vila J, Diaz-Paniagua C, Perez-Santigosa N, de Frutos-Escobar C, Herrero-Herrero A. Salmonella in free-living exotic and native turtles and in pet exotic turtles from SW Spain. Res Vet Sci 2008; 85: 449-452.

  17. Gray TZ. Update: Reptiles and Salmonella. Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine 2011; 20: 14-17.

  18. Hidalgo-Vila J, Diaz-Paniagua C, de Frutos- Escobar C, Jimenez-Martinez C, Perez-Santigosa N. Salmonella in free living terrestrial and aquatic turtles. Vet Microbiol 2007; 119: 311-315.

  19. Simón Vivan P, Sanz Colomo M, Horna Campos O, Ros Samsó M. Transmisión de Salmonella entre tortugas y niños: experiencia de la enfermería de salud pública a propósito de un caso. Enferm Clínica 2012; 22(1): 51-57.

  20. Cooke FJ, Shapiro DS. ProMED update. A review of emerging diseases reported on ProMED-mail http://www.promedmail.org. Int J Infect Dis 2006; 10: 341-342.

  21. Lafuente S, Bellido JB, Moraga FA, Herrera S, Yague A, Montalvo T, et al. Salmonella paratyphi B and Salmonella litchfield outbreaks associated with pet turtle exposure in Spain. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2013; 31: 32-35.

  22. Agbor TA, McCormick BA. Salmonella effectors: important players modulating host cell function during infection. Cell Microbiol 2011; 13: 1858-1869.

  23. Getto L, Zeserson E, Breyer M. Vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, and gastroenteritis. Emerg Med Clin North Am 2011; 29: 211-237, vii-viii.

  24. Pfeiffer ML, DuPont HL, Ochoa TJ. The patient presenting with acute dysentery--a systematic review. J Infect 2012; 64: 374-386.

  25. Morpeth SC, Ramadhani HO, Crump JA. Invasive non-Typhi Salmonella disease in Africa. Clin Infect Dis 2009; 49: 606-611.

  26. Wiegering V, Kaiser J, Tappe D, Weissbrich B, Morbach H, Girschick HJ. Gastroenteritis in childhood: a retrospective study of 650 hospitalized pediatric patients. Int J Infect Dis 2011; 15: e401-407.

  27. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; twenty-first informational supplement. 2013; 33 (1): 44-48.

  28. Drugs for Bacterial Infections. Treat Guidel Med Lett 2010; 8 (94 – Suppl.): e1-e6.

  29. Editorial team, Bertrand S, Rimhanen-Finne R, Weill FX, Rabsch W, Thornton L, et al. Salmonella infections associated with reptiles: The current situation in Europe. Eurosurveillance 2008; 13 (24): 1-6.

  30. Wheeler E, Hong PY, Bedon LC, Mackie RI. Carriage of antibiotic-resistant enteric bacteria varies among sites in Galapagos reptiles. J Wildl Dis 2012; 48: 56-67.

  31. Chen CY, Chen WC, Chin SC, Lai YH, Tung KC, Chiou CS, et al. Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of salmonellae isolates from reptiles in Taiwan. J Vet Diagn Invest 2010; 22: 44-50.

  32. Maciel BM, Argolo Filho RC, Nogueira SS, Dias JC, Rezende RP. High prevalence of Salmonella in tegu lizards (Tupinambis merianae), and susceptibility of the serotypes to antibiotics. Zoonoses Public Health 2010; 57: e26-32.

  33. Giacopello C, Foti M, Fisichella V, Latella G, Aleo A, Mammina C. Antibiotic Resistance in Salmonella Isolated from Tegus (Tupinambis spp.). J Exot Pet Med 2012; 21: 328-331.

  34. Aleksic S, Rohde R, Aleksic V, Muller G. [A new fimbrial antigen as a cause for a complete O-inagglutinability of various Arizona strains (author’s transl)]. Zentralbl Bakteriol Orig A 1978; 241: 427-437.

  35. Fisher RH. Multiple lesions of bone in Letterer- Siwe disease; report of a case with culture of paracolon Arizona bacilli from bone lesions and blood, followed by response to therapy. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1953; 35-A: 445-464.

  36. Hruby MA, Honig GR, Lolekha S, Gotoff SP. ARizona hinshawii osteomyelitis in sickle cell anemia. Am J Dis Child 1973; 125: 867-868.

  37. Ogden JA, Light TR. Pediatric osteomyelitis: II. Arizona hinshawii osteomyelitis. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1979: 110-113.

  38. Ichord R, Brook I, Controni G. Arizona hinshawii bacteraemia and meningitis in a child: a case report. J Clin Pathol 1980; 33: 848-850.

  39. Croop JM, Shapiro B, Alpert G, Campos JM, Zavod W. Arizona hinshawii osteomyelitis associated with a pet snake. Pediatr Infect Dis 1984; 3: 188.

  40. Kraus A, Guerra-Bautista G, Alarcon-Segovia D. Salmonella arizona arthritis and septicemia associated with rattlesnake ingestion by patients with connective tissue diseases. A dangerous complication of folk medicine. J Rheumatol 1991; 18: 1328-1331.

  41. Kelly J, Hopkin R, Rimsza ME. Rattlesnake meat ingestion and Salmonella Arizona infection in children: case report and review of the literature. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1995; 14: 320-322.

  42. Mermin J, Hoar B, Angulo FJ. Iguanas and Salmonella marina infection in children: a reflection of the increasing incidence of reptile-associated salmonellosis in the United States. Pediatrics 1997; 99: 399-402.

  43. Sanyal D, Douglas T, Roberts R. Salmonella infection acquired from reptilian pets. Arch Dis Child 1997; 77: 345-346.

  44. Nowinski RJ, Albert MC. Salmonella osteomyelitis secondary to iguana exposure. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2000: 250-253.

  45. Bello CS, Singh S, Al-Waley A, Hyde M, Khan MR. Salmonella arizonae infection from snake bite. Ann Saudi Med 2001; 21: 352-353.

  46. Mahajan RK, Khan SA, Chandel DS, Kumar N, Hans C, Chaudhry R. Fatal case of Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae gastroenteritis in an infant with microcephaly. J Clin Microbiol 2003; 41: 5830-5832.

  47. Schneider L, Ehlinger M, Stanchina C, Giacomelli MC, Gicquel P, Karger C, et al. Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae bone and joints sepsis. A case report and literature review. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2009; 95: 237-242.

  48. Lakew W, Girma A, Triche E. Salmonella enterica Serotype Arizonae Meningitis in a Neonate. Case Rep Pediatr 2013; 2013: 813495.

  49. Makaya PV, Matope G, Pfukenyi DM. Distribution of Salmonella serovars and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella Enteritidis from poultry in Zimbabwe. Avian Pathol 2012; 41: 221-226.

  50. Drake M, Amadi V, Zieger U, Johnson R, Hariharan H. Prevalence of Salmonella spp. in cane toads (Bufo marinus) from Grenada, West Indies, and their antimicrobial susceptibility. Zoonoses Public Health 2013; 60: 437- 441.

  51. Monzon Moreno C, Ojeda Vargas MM, Echeita A, Usera MA. Occurrence of Salmonella in cold-blooded animals in Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 1995; 68: 191-194.

  52. Pfleger S, Benyr G, Sommer R, Hassl A. Pattern of Salmonella excretion in amphibians and reptiles in a vivarium. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2003; 206: 53-59.

  53. Bartlett KH, Trust TJ, Lior H. Small pet aquarium frogs as a source of Salmonella. Appl Environ Microbiol 1977; 33: 1026-1029.

  54. Nakadai A, Kuroki T, Kato Y, Suzuki R, Yamai S, Yaginuma C, et al. Prevalence of Salmonella spp. in pet reptiles in Japan. J Vet Med Sci 2005; 67: 97-101.

  55. Geue L, Loschner U. Salmonella enterica in reptiles of German and Austrian origin. Vet Microbiol 2002; 84: 79-91.

  56. Woodward DL, Khakhria R, Johnson WM. Human salmonellosis associated with exotic pets. J Clin Microbiol 1997; 35: 2786-2790.

  57. Corrente M, Madio A, Friedrich KG, Greco G, Desario C, Tagliabue S, et al. Isolation of Salmonella strains from reptile faeces and comparison of different culture media. J Appl Microbiol 2004; 96: 709-715.

  58. Tsai HJ, Hsiang PH. The prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibilities of Salmonella and Campylobacter in ducks in Taiwan. J Vet Med Sci 2005; 67: 7-12.

  59. Tran TP, Ly TL, Nguyen TT, Akiba M, Ogasawara N, Shinoda D, et al. Prevalence of Salmonella spp. in pigs, chickens and ducks in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. J Vet Med Sci 2004; 66: 1011-1014.

  60. Butron O, Brightsmith DJ. Testing for salmonella spp. In released parrots, wild parrots, and domestic fowl in lowland peru. J Wildl Dis 2010; 46: 718-723.

  61. Pan ZM, Geng SZ, Zhou YQ, Liu ZY, Fang Q, Liu BB, et al. Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Salmonella sp. Isolated from Domestic Animals in Eastern China. J Anim Vet Adv 2010; 9 (17): 2290-2294.

  62. Jamali H, Radmehr B, Ismail S. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Listeria, Salmonella, and Yersinia species isolates in ducks and geese. Poult Sci 2014; 93: 1023-1030.

  63. Gong J, Zhang J, Xu M, Zhu C, Yu Y, Liu X, et al. Prevalence and fimbrial genotype distribution of poultry Salmonella isolates in China (2006 to 2012). Appl Environ Microbiol 2014; 80: 687-693.

  64. Snow LC, Davies RH, Christiansen KH, Carrique- Mas JJ, Cook AJ, Evans SJ. Survey of Salmonella prevalence on commercial turkey breeding and fattening farms in the UK in 2006 to 2007. Vet Rec 2011; 169: 493.

  65. Yu CY, Chou SJ, Yeh CM, Chao MR, Huang KC, Chang YF, et al. Prevalence and characterization of multidrug-resistant (type ACSSuT) Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strains in isolates from four gosling farms and a hatchery farm. J Clin Microbiol 2008; 46: 522- 526.

  66. Halsby KD, Walsh AL, Campbell C, Hewitt K, Morgan D. Healthy animals, healthy people: zoonosis risk from animal contact in pet shops, a systematic review of the literature. PLoS One 2014; 9: e89309.

  67. Daszak P, Cunningham AA, Hyatt AD. Emerging infectious diseases of wildlife--threats to biodiversity and human health. Science 2000; 287: 443-449.

  68. Cota-Rubio E, Hurtado-Ayala L, Pérez-Morales E, Alcántara-Jurado L. Resistencia a antibióticos de cepas bacterianas aisladas de animales destinados al consumo humano. Rev Iberoam Cien 2014; 1: 75-85.

  69. Bradley T, Angulo FJ, Raiti P. Association of Reptilian and Amphibian Veterinarians guidelines for reducing risk of transmission of Salmonella spp from reptiles to humans. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1998; 213: 51-52.

  70. Murray PR. Human microbiota. In: Borrellio SP, Murray PR, Funke G, eds. Topley and Wilson’s Microbiology and Microbial Infections. Londres, Reino Unido: Hodder Arnold; 2005: 293-305.

  71. Rathaur VK, Pathania M, Jayara A, Yadav N. Clinical study of acute childhood diarrhoea caused by bacterial enteropathogens. J Clin Diagn Res 2014; 8: PC01-05.

  72. Al Jarousha AM, El Jarou MA, El Qouqa IA. Bacterial enteropathogens and risk factors associated with childhood diarrhea. Indian J Pediatr 2011; 78: 165-170.

  73. Sang WK, Oundo V, Schnabel D. Prevalence and antibiotic resistance of bacterial pathogens isolated from childhood diarrhoea in four provinces of Kenya. J Infect Dev Ctries 2012; 6: 572- 578.

  74. Ogbu O, Agumadu N, Uneke C, Amadi E. Aetiology of Acute Infantile Diarrhoea in the south-Eastern Nigeria: An Assessment Of Microbiological And Antibiotic Sensitivity Profile. Internet J Third World Med 2007; 7 (1).

  75. Bentancor A. [Epidemiological role of pets in urban transmission cycle of STEC]. Medicina (B Aires) 2006; 66 Suppl 3: 37-41.

  76. Greig J, Rajic A, Young I, Mascarenhas M, Waddell L, LeJeune J. A Scoping Review of the Role of Wildlife in the Transmission of Bacterial Pathogens and Antimicrobial Resistance to the Food Chain. Zoonoses Public Health 2014.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com