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Medicina & Laboratorio

2013, Número 05-06

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Medicina & Laboratorio 2013; 19 (05-06)


Epigenética: una nueva herramienta para el estudio de la leucemia mieloide crónica

Pérez MJ, Acevedo TP

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 50
Paginas: 243-255
Archivo PDF: 880.54 Kb.


RESUMEN

La epigenética se refiere a la aparición de cambios heredables en la expresión de genes sin alteración en la secuencia de ADN (ácido desoxirribonucleico). Mecanismos como la acetilación y deacetilación de histonas, la hipometilación global del genoma y en especial la hipermetilación del ADN, están implicados en la regulación transcripcional de genes supresores de tumores y de genes relacionados con el control de ciclo celular y la apoptosis en diferentes tipos de neoplasias hematológicas. La alteración de estos mecanismos se relaciona con la progresión entre fases clínicas y la resistencia al tratamiento en pacientes con leucemia mieloide crónica, por lo que la detección de alteraciones epigenéticas es una herramienta novedosa para el seguimiento de la neoplasia. Además, el uso de agentes desmetilantes como terapia epigenética es una alternativa complementaria de tratamiento, ya que aumenta la respuesta en pacientes resistentes a inhibidores de tirosina quinasa.


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