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Medicina & Laboratorio

2012, Número 09-10

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Medicina & Laboratorio 2012; 18 (09-10)


Hipotiroidismo adquirido en niños

Toro RM, Restrepo GLM, Balthazar GV, Zuluaga ENA, Campuzano MG

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 66
Paginas: 443-458
Archivo PDF: 502.65 Kb.


RESUMEN

el hipotiroidismo es una de las enfermedades endocrinas más frecuentes, sus manifestaciones se explican por la producción insuficiente de hormonas tiroideas o por su acción inadecuada en los órganos blanco. Según la causa, el hipotiroidismo se puede clasificar como congénito o adquirido, y se puede originar de forma primaria en la glándula tiroidea por defectos en la síntesis y liberación hormonal, o de forma secundaria por alteraciones centrales en el eje hipotálamo-hipófisis-tiroides. La etiología y las características clínicas del hipotiroidismo en niños y adolescentes difieren en parte de las presentadas en los adultos; por ello, es fundamental identificar las manifestaciones particulares de la disfunción tiroidea durante la edad pediátrica, para lograr un diagnóstico y tratamiento oportunos, los cuales son esenciales para la prevención de las múltiples complicaciones, especialmente las secuelas neurológicas devastadoras y el retraso en el desarrollo. En este artículo se revisarán las principales características del hipotiroidismo adquirido en niños y adolescentes, planteándose a partir de un enfoque clínico simple y útil para la práctica médica general.


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