2020, Número 1
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Salud Mental 2020; 43 (1)
Does the antidepressant-like effect of mirtazapine and venlafaxine differ between male and female rats?
Álvarez SA, Fernández-Guasti A
Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 42
Paginas: 11-19
Archivo PDF: 347.23 Kb.
RESUMEN
Introducción. La depresión es un trastorno psiquiátrico que representa un problema de salud mundial. Afecta
a cerca de 350 millones de personas, predominantemente mujeres. Sin embargo, algunos reportes indican
que su incidencia en hombres está aumentando, por lo que es necesario buscar opciones de tratamiento que
sean igualmente efectivas en ambos sexos.
Objetivo. Analizar si existen diferencias relacionadas con el sexo
en el efecto de tipo antidepresivo de la mirtazapina y la venlafaxina, y considerar los posibles mecanismos
neuroquímicos involucrados.
Método. se administraron mirtazapina (40 mg/kg) o venlafaxina (60 mg/kg)
en esquema subcrónico a grupos independientes de ratas macho y hembra ovariectomizadas tratadas con
estradiol y progesterona. Se evaluaron el efecto tipo antidepresivo y las conductas activas (nado y escalamiento)
utilizando la prueba de nado forzado (PNF).
Resultados. a) tanto la mirtazapina como la venlafaxina
redujeron la inmovilidad en la PNF en machos y hembras; b) ambos antidepresivos incrementaron las conductas
activas en machos; c) en hembras, la mirtazapina y la venlafaxina produjeron un aumento del nado,
pero no modificaron el escalamiento.
Discusión y conclusión. En machos, los efectos de la mirtazapina y la
venlafaxina en la PNF se deben a su acción sobre los sistemas serotonérgico y noradrenérgico; en cambio,
en hembras sólo se modifica la conducta de nado, lo que sugiere que el estradiol modula las acciones de
ambos antidepresivos sobre el sistema serotoninérgico.
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