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TIP Revista Especializada en Ciencias Químico-Biológicas

2019, Número 1

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TIP Rev Esp Cienc Quim Biol 2019; 22 (1)


Aspectos generales del transporte de colesterol en la esteroidogénesis de la placenta humana

Olvera-Sánchez S, Esparza-Perusquía M, Flores-Herrera O, Urban-Sosa VA, Martínez F

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 73
Paginas: 1-9
Archivo PDF: 399.65 Kb.


RESUMEN

La placenta humana requiere de colesterol para sintetizar la progesterona que mantiene la relación entre el feto y la madre, lo que le permite concluir de manera exitosa el embarazo. La placenta incorpora el colesterol principalmente a través de las lipoproteínas de baja densidad (LDL) que se obtienen del torrente circulatorio materno por un mecanismo de endocitosis. A los endosomas que se generan en este proceso se les unen varias proteínas conformando los endosomas tardíos, que degradan las LDL y liberan el colesterol a las mitocondrias del sinciciotrofoblasto que lo transforman en pregnenolona y posteriormente en progesterona. Las proteínas de fusión de membranas denominados complejos SNARE participan en la liberación del colesterol en sitios de contacto específicos en donde se localizan las proteínas mitocondriales responsables de la esteroidogénesis.


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