Lázaro TAC, Sánchez SMP

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 43
Paginas: 81-88
Archivo PDF: 251.98 Kb.

RESUMEN

El vítiligo es un trastorno cutáneo adquirido de la pigmentación caracterizado por la aparición de máculas blancas bien circunscritas, cuyo sustrato histopatológico típico es la ausencia de melanocitos. Su etiopatogenia permanece desconocida, aunque se cree que haya una influencia importante del sistema inmune en su desarrollo. Aparentemente representa una patología banal sin embargo, supone con frecuencia un gran problema estético en las personas que lo padecen. Existen numerosas opciones terapéuticas pero ninguna de ellas definitiva, siendo los escalones primordiales la fotoquimioterapia, cuyo objetivo es estimular la proliferación melanocítica y la producción de melanina; los inmunomoduladores, eficaces en la detención de la progresión de la enfermedad al actuar como supresores de la autoinmunidad y las distintas técnicas quirúrgicas del vitíligo, basadas en el trasplante de melanocitos. Así mismo, los pacientes pueden utilizar cosméticos que ayudarán a camuflar las máculas de vitíligo y siempre se recomendarán medidas de fotoprotección solar; no debemos olvidar que estos pacientes están desprotegidos de su fotoprotector natural: la melanina.

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