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2019, Número 3

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Acta Med 2019; 17 (3)


Sistemas de advertencia temprana por puntaje. Early Warning Scores (EWS)

Hernández AJF, Villanueva SE, Cortés RJJP, Cabrera JR, Martínez LAC, Castillo GFA, Maldonado VMA, Arredondo OMA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 33
Paginas: 252-258
Archivo PDF: 169.86 Kb.


RESUMEN

Desde el concepto de Morgan en 1997 de un sistema de advertencia temprana basado en el monitoreo fisiológico, más de 100 modelos se han implementado por todo el mundo; unificados en el ámbito nacional sólo en Gran Bretaña donde, desde 2007 forman parte de las guías clínicas del National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE), este modelo ahora es llamado National Early Warning Score (NEWS). Apoyados siempre por los equipos de respuesta rápida (ERR), un grupo de investigadores tuvieron experiencias contradictorias, algunos registros fueron validados, comparados, mejorados y estandarizados; pero todos han logrado una disminución de paro cardiorrespiratorio y en la activación de códigos azules. Sus objetivos finales consisten en prevenir el retraso en la intervención o su oportuna transferencia al área adecuada. Los Early Warning Scores (EWS) representan una necesidad que no incrementa de manera considerable la carga de trabajo, pero que ofrece la identificación oportuna de factores que detonan la valoración y manejo por un equipo de médicos experimentados (ERR), de ser necesario, su eventual traslado a cuidados especiales y de esta manera se evita la falla para rescatar. La recomendación hasta el momento es la selección de un score de riesgo guiado por las variables y recursos disponibles en el sistema de salud y, una vez implementado, mantener un alto nivel de adherencia con intervenciones específicas oportunas para así mejorar el pronóstico de los pacientes.


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