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2019, Número 2

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Residente 2019; 14 (2)


Sarcopenia y resistencia a la insulina

Ramírez-Reyes A, Esparza-Guerrero Y, Ramírez-Villafaña M, Valdez-Balderrama JL, Chavero-Flores CA, Ordoñez-Pérez CA, Olivares-Ochoa XC, Rojo-Ruvalcaba BE, Pérez-Guerrero EE, Saldaña-Cruz AM

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 47
Paginas: 47-54
Archivo PDF: 308.94 Kb.


RESUMEN

La sarcopenia es una entidad patológica que condiciona la pérdida progresiva de masa muscular, la cual conlleva el desarrollo de múltiples morbilidades. En este artículo se comentan los criterios de diagnóstico para sarcopenia por la Sociedad Europea de Medicina Geriátrica (EWGSOP, 2018). Se hace énfasis en la detección y diagnóstico oportuno, así como los factores de riesgo asociados al desarrollo de esta enfermedad, tales como obesidad, sedentarismo, caquexia, enfermedades nutricionales y resistencia a la insulina. Se ha descrito que la resistencia a la insulina tiene un alto impacto en el metabolismo muscular, donde el aumento de tejido adiposo actúa de manera sinérgica para el desarrollo final de sarcopenia, incrementando la producción de citocinas involucradas como el factor de necrosis tumoral-alfa (TNF-α), interleucina-6 (IL-6), quimiocina de monocitos-1 (MCP-1) y resistina, las cuales repercuten en el desgaste del músculo y en la promoción de un ambiente tóxico a nivel celular en el tejido adiposo y muscular..


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