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2018, Número 6

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Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2018; 56 (6)


Esteatosis hepática no alcohólica: una enfermedad silente

Aguilera-Méndez A

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 41
Paginas: 544-549
Archivo PDF: 954.09 Kb.


RESUMEN

La alteración del metabolismo lipídico hepático puede originar una acumulación excesiva de lípidos y llevar a la aparición de esteatosis hepática, que cuando no está relacionada con un consumo crónico de alcohol, se le conoce como enfermedad del hígado graso no alcohólico. Se trata de un padecimiento con una fisiopatología compleja y con varias fases, que abarcan diferentes grados de complejidad y severidad: esteatosis simple, esteatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrosis y, en algunas ocasiones, hasta cáncer hepático. Además, esta enfermedad es difícil de diagnosticar y pasa inadvertida hasta que presenta complicaciones. También está relacionada con otros padecimientos metabólicos como la obesidad, diabetes, dislipidemias, resistencia a la insulina y síndrome metabólico; las cuales son un problema de salud pública a nivel nacional y mundial. En esta revisión, se analizó la fisiopatología, su relación con enfermedades metabólicas, factores genéticos, factores de riesgo asociados, epidemiología, las manifestaciones clínicas, diagnóstico y el tratamiento farmacológico actual de la esteatosis hepática no alcohólica.


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