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2018, Número 3

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Revista Cubana de Cirugía 2018; 57 (3)


Hernias perineales

Sánchez BJA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 51
Paginas: 1-20
Archivo PDF: 261.91 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción: Las hernias perineales son excepcionales y predominan ampliamente en el sexo femenino. Se clasifican en anteriores o posteriores según su localización con respecto al músculo transverso del periné. Etiológicamente pueden ser primarias (congénitas o adquiridas), de las cuales se han descrito alrededor de 100 casos, y secundarias sobre todo a operaciones previas (resección adbominoperineal).
Objetivo: Actualizar los conocimientos sobre las hernias perineales por lo infrecuente de este padecimiento.
Métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica a partir de la consulta de artículos relacionados con el tema, publicados en Pubmed, Hinari, SciELO y Medline mediante el localizador de información Endnote. Se utilizaron 51 citas para la revisión, 41 de ellas de los últimos cinco años. Se incluyeron tres libros y una cita del propio autor.
Conclusiones: Las hernias perineales son extremadamente raras. Existe poca experiencia reportada en la bibliografía, por lo que aún no es posible determinar la mejor forma terapéutica. Pueden abordarse por vía abdominal, perineal o combinada. Las técnicas empleadas son: cierre simple, transposición de colgajos musculares, colocación de mallas y retroflexión del útero o vejiga para cerrar el defecto. Aunque no existe suficiente experiencia, la cirugía laparoscópica se ha utilizado en algunos casos y podría ser la vía de elección en el futuro.


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