2019, Número 1
<< Anterior Siguiente >>
Rev Biomed 2019; 30 (1)
Manifestaciones clínicas asociadas al síndrome de Prader-Willi
Borges CR, Dzul HJ, Rodríguez HM, Pérez CG, Méndez DN
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 37
Paginas: 9-20
Archivo PDF: 305.80 Kb.
RESUMEN
El síndrome de Prader–Willi (SPW) es un trastorno genético, que
afecta el neurodesarrollo que, a pesar de su baja frecuencia, merece ser
considerado como un trastorno de relevancia clínica al ser la causa más
frecuente de obesidad de origen genético. Las manifestaciones clínicas
que derivan de SPW tienen origen en la desregulación hipotalámica,
por lo que al comprender la trascendencia e
implicación de ésta se entenderá la amplia gama
de manifestaciones que pueden presentarse con
severidad variable y cuyas complicaciones a su vez
afectan la salud y socialización a largo plazo lo que
influye sobre la calidad de vida de los pacientes con
SPW. El diagnóstico preciso permite distinguir este
síndrome de otros trastornos genéticos y de otras
patologías que afectan la función hipotalámica
a la vez que posibilita estimar la gravedad de las
manifestaciones y el riesgo de repetición en una
misma familia. Por ello, esta revisión se presenta
con el objetivo de describir las manifestaciones
clínicas del síndrome de Prader-Willi que orienten
la sospecha clínica, las similitudes que comparte
éste con otros trastornos, así como dar a conocer las
técnicas de diagnóstico disponibles que favorecen
el abordaje de los pacientes y facilitar su manejo
integral oportunamente.
REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)
Cassidy S. Genetics of Prader-Willi syndrome. In Greenswag LR, Alexander RC, eds. Management of Prader-Willi syndrome. 2 ed. New York: Springer Verlag; 1959. p. 18. https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22237428.
Nicholls RD, Knoll JHM, Butler MG, Karam, S & Lalande, M. Genetic imprinting suggested by maternal heterodisomy in non-deletion Prader-Willi syndrome. Nature. 1989;342, 281-285. DOI: https://doi. org/10.1038/342281a0
Ward O. John Langdon Down: the man and the message. Down Syndrome Research and Practice. 1999;6(1):19- 24. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/ff80/0fd17f5c672ef 6596be5e42213d644d121c6.pdf.
Driscoll DJ, Migeon BR. Sex difference in methylation of single-copy genes in human meiotic germ cells: implications for X chromosome inactivation, parental imprinting, and origin of CpG mutations. Somat Cell Mol Genet. 1990;16:267–82. PMID: 1694309.
Bittel DC, Butler MG. Prader–Willi syndrome: clinical genetics, cytogenetics and molecular biology. Expert Rev Mol Med. 2005;7(14):1-20. 10.1017/ S1462399405009531. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ pubmed/16038620
Polex-Wolf J, Lam BY, Larder R, Tadross J, Rimmington D, Bosch F, et al. Hypothalamic loss of Snord116 recapitulates the hyperphagia of Prader-Willi syndrome. J Clin Investig. 2018;128(3). DOI: https://doi. org/10.1172/JCI97007
Bochukova EG, Lawler K, Croizier S, Keogh JM, Patel N, Strohbehn G, et al. A Transcriptomic Signature of the Hypothalamic Response to Fasting and BDNF Deficiency in Prader-Willi Syndrome. Cell Reports. 2018;22(13):3401-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j. celrep.2018.03.018.
Prader A. Ein syndrom von adipositas, kleinwuchs, kryptorchismus und oligophrenie nach myatonieartigem zustand im neugeborenenalter. Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1956;86:1260-1. DOI: https://ci.nii.ac.jp/ naid/10019494016/
Butler MG, Kimonis V, Dykens E, Gold JA, Miller J, Tamura R, et al. Prader–Willi syndrome and earlyonset morbid obesity NIH rare disease consortium: A review of natural history study. Am J Med Gen Part A. 2018;176(2):368-75. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ ajmg.a.38582
Rodriguez JA, Zigman JM. Hypothalamic loss of Snord116 and Prader-Willi syndrome hyperphagia: the buck stops here? Journal of Clinical Investigation. 2018;128(3):900-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1172/ JCI97007
Polex-Wolf J, Yeo GS, O’Rahilly S. Impaired prohormone processing: a grand unified theory for features of Prader- Willi syndrome? J Clin Investig. 2017;127(1):98-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI91307
Purtell L, Qi Y, Campbell L, Sainsbury A, Herzog H. Adult-onset deletion of the Prader-Willi syndrome susceptibility gene Snord116 in mice results in reduced feeding and increased fat mass. Transl Pediatr. 2017;6(2):88. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21037/ tp.2017.03.06
Bakker N, Wolffenbuttel K, Looijenga L, Hokken- Koelega A. Testes in infants with Prader-Willi syndrome: human chorionic gonadotropin treatment, surgery and histology. J Urol. 2015;193(1):291-8. DOI: https://doi. org/10.1016/j.juro.2014.07.113
Kalsner L, Chamberlain SJ. Prader-Willi, Angelman, and 15q11-q13 duplication syndromes. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2015;62(3):587-606. DOI: https://doi. org/10.1016/j.pcl.2015.03.004
Mejlachowicz D, Nolent F, Maluenda J, Ranjatoelina- Randrianaivo H, Giuliano F, Gut I, et al. Truncating mutations of MAGEL2, a gene within the Prader-Willi locus, are responsible for severe arthrogryposis. Am J Human Genet. 2015;97(4):616-20. DOI: https://doi. org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2015.08.010
Pérez L, Muñoz-Ruata J, García E. El Síndrome de Prader-Willi: Características Cognitivas e Implicaciones Educativas. Psicología Educativa. 16(1): 41-50. https:// dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=3434919
Holm VA, Cassidy SB, Butler MG, Hanchett JM, Greenswag LR, Whitman BY, et al. Prader-Willi syndrome: consensus diagnostic criteria. Pediatrics. 1993;91(2):398-402. PMID: 8424017
Taboada N, Lardoeyt R. Criterios para el diagnóstico clínico de algunos síndromes genéticos. Rev Cubana de Pediatría. 2003; ene-abr 75(1). http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo. php?pid=S0034-75312003000100007&script=sci_ arttext&tlng=pt
Paterson W, Donaldson M. Growth hormone therapy in the Prader-Willi syndrome. Arch Disease Child. 2003;88(4):283-5. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ adc.88.4.283.
Dimitropoulos A, Feurer I, Roof E, Stone W, Butler M, Sutcliffe J, et al. Appetitive behavior, compulsivity, and neurochemistry in Prader‐Willi syndrome. Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev. 2000;6(2):125-30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/98-2779(000)6:2<125::AIDMRDD6> 3.0.CO;2-T
Butler MG, Manzardo AM, Heinemann J, Loker C, Loker J. Causes of death in Prader-Willi syndrome: Prader- Willi Syndrome Association (USA) 40-year mortality survey. Genet Med. 2017;19(6):635. DOI: https://doi. org/10.1038/gim.2016.178
Bar C, Diene G, Molinas C, Bieth E, Casper C, Tauber M. Early diagnosis and care is achieved but should be improved in infants with Prader-Willi syndrome. Orphanet journal of rare diseases. 2017;12(1):118. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13023-017-0673-6
Kim Y, Lee H-M, Xiong Y, Sciaky N, Hulbert SW, Cao X, et al. Targeting the histone methyltransferase G9a activates imprinted genes and improves survival of a mouse model of Prader–Willi syndrome. Nat Med. 2017;23(2):213. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.4257
Angulo M, Butler M, Cataletto M. Prader-Willi syndrome: a review of clinical, genetic, and endocrine findings. J Endocrinol Invest. 2015;38(12):1249-63. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-015-0312-9
Ministerio de Trabajo y Asuntos Sociales. El síndrome de prader-Willi, guía para familias y profesionales. 1999, pp. 35-39. Edita: Ministerio de Trabajo y Asuntos Sociales, Secretaría General de Asuntos Sociales, IMSERSO. www.imserso.es/InterPresent2/groups/ imserso/.../356guia_sndrome_prader_Willi.pdf.
Santoro SL, Hashimoto S, McKinney A, Mosher TM, Pyatt R, Reshmi SC, et al. Assessing the Clinical Utility of SNP Microarray for Prader-Willi Syndrome due to Uniparental Disomy. Cytogenetic and genome research. 2017;152(2):105-9. DOI: https://doi. org/10.1159/000478921
Glenn CC, Saitoh S, Jong MT et al: Gene structure, DNA methylation, and imprinted expression of the human SNRPN gene. Am J Hum Genet 1996; 58: 335– 346. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/ PMC1914536.
Kubota T, Das S, Christian SL, Baylin SB, Herman JG, Ledbetter DH: Methylation-specific PCR simplifies imprinting analysis. Nat Genet 1997; 16: 16–17. https:// www.nature.com/articles/ng0597-15.
Estrada H, Fernández L, Rivera C, Grether P. MLPA (Amplificación de sondas dependiente de ligandos múltiples) en el diagnóstico perinatal rápido de las principales aneuploidías. Perinatol Reprod Hum 2012; 26 (3): 172-179 http://www. scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid =S0187-53372012000300002.
Thuilleaux D, Laurier V, Copet P, Tricot J, Demeer G, Mourre F, et al. A model to characterize psychopathological features in adults with Prader‐willi syndrome. Am J Med Genet Part A. 2018;176(1):41-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.38525
Barclay SF, Rand CM, Nguyen L, Wilson RJ, Wevrick R, Gibson WT, et al. ROHHAD and Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS): clinical and genetic comparison. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. 2018;13(1):124. DOI: https:// doi.org/10.1186/s13023-018-0860-0
Grugni G, Crinò A, De Bellis A, Convertino A, Bocchini S, Maestrini S, et al. Autoimmune pituitary involvement in Prader–Willi syndrome: new perspective for further research. Endocrine. 2018:1-4. DOI: https://doi. org/10.1186/1687-9856-2013-14
Goldstone A, Holland A, Hauffa B, Hokken- Koelega A, Tauber M, PWS SCatSEMotCCoPW. Recommendations for the diagnosis and management of Prader-Willi syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metabolism. 2008;93(11):4183-97. https://academic.oup.com/jcem/ article/93/11//2627225.
Cassidy SB. Prader-Willi syndrome. Journal of medical genetics. 1997;34(11):917-23. https://www. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1051120/pdf/ jmedgene00253-0037.pdf.
Tauber, M., Diene, G., & Molinas, C. (2016). Sequelae of GH Treatment in Children with PWS. Pediatr Endocrinol Rev 14(2), 138. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/pubmed/28508607.
Grugni G, Sartorio A, Crinò A. Growth hormone therapy for Prader–Willi syndrome: challenges and solutions. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2016;12: 873-881. https://www. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27330297.
Craig, M. E., Cowell, C. T., Larsson, P. , Zipf, W. B., Reiter, E. O., Albertsson Wikland, K. , Ranke, M. B., Price, D. A. Growth hormone treatment and adverse events in Prader– Willi syndrome: data from KIGS (the Pfizer International Growth Database). Clin Endocrinol. 2006;65: 178-185. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2265.2006.02570.x