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2018, Número 5

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Rev Clin Esc Med 2018; 8 (5)


Más allá del riesgo cardiovascular: Rol de la - Simvastatina en enfermedades neurodegenerativas

Sequeira QCM, Casares FDA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 48
Paginas: 1-11
Archivo PDF: 612.32 Kb.


RESUMEN

Las estatinas son derivados de productos microbianos, que inhiben de forma competitiva a la 3-hidroximetilglutaril- coenzima A (HMG-CoA) reductasa lo cual evita la conversión de HMG-CoA en mevalonato, produciendo sus efectos hipolipemiantes, función más reconocida de estas drogas. La reducción en los niveles séricos de lipoproteínas de baja densidad (LDL por sus siglas en inglés), ha sido una de las piedras angulares en la prevención de la enfermedad cardiovascular. Las estatinas son de los fármacos más populares, efectivos y de mayor uso para lograr dicho objetivo, no solo por sus características hipolipemiantes sino por sus efectos pleiotrópicos. El redireccionamiento de la industria farmacéutica y la falta de respuestas terapéuticas frente a enfermedades neurodegenerativas, apoyado por el mecanismo biológico de acción de la simvastatina han motivado a la investigación de esta droga como opción terapéutica para la enfermedad de Alzheimer y la esclerosis múltiple secundaria progresiva. Mucho éxito se ha alcanzado en estudios de caso control, cohorte y fase II, sin embargo a pesar del optimismo que plantea el mecanismo de acción del fármaco y su efectividad in vitro e in vivo sobre diferentes biomarcadores, estos resultados positivos no se han logrado replicar en estudios fase III. La investigación en el campo continúa activa.


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