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2018, Número 3

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AbanicoVet 2018; 8 (3)


Productividad de vacas lecheras Holstein sin sombra en dos épocas del año

Beauregard-García J, Prado-Rebolledo O, García-Márquez L, García-Casillas A, Macedo-Barragán R, Hernández-Rivera J

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 44
Paginas: 51-67
Archivo PDF: 756.49 Kb.


RESUMEN

Con el propósito de evaluar el efecto de época sobre la productividad de vacas lecheras Holstein, 10 vacas fueron asignadas a uno de dos tratamientos, vacas en invierno (Inv) y vacas en verano (Ver). El estudio tuvo una duración de 70 días (d) divididos en dos periodos de cinco semanas, respectivamente. Los datos fueron colectados tres veces por semana. Los animales fueron alimentados bajo el mismo régimen alimenticio en ambas épocas, a partir de una ración integral a base de concentrado, heno de alfalfa y silo de maíz. El índice de temperatura-humedad máximo fue de 70 y 75 unidades durante el invierno y verano, respectivamente. Las vacas Inv tuvieron menor producción de leche (P‹0.05), tasa respiratoria y temperatura rectal que vacas Ver. Las temperaturas de costado derecho y nalga en vacas Inv fueron menores (P‹0.05), respecto a vacas Ver (P‹0.05). Las temperaturas de agua de bebida, piso y ambiental a través del bulbo negro fueron consistentemente menores (P‹0.05) durante la época de invierno con respecto al verano. Las vacas Ver presentaron estrés calórico ligero e incrementaron 24% más la producción de leche respecto a vacas Inv, pero no mejoraron la calidad en leche. El uso de sombras durante el verano, puede mejorar el estado fisiológico y calidad de la leche en vacas lecheras en lactación.


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