2018, Número 3
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Salud Mental 2018; 41 (3)
Characterization of the Mu rhythm during the sleep of children with autism spectrum disorder level 1
García VTK, Ayala GF, Mateos SEL, Cebreros PR
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 42
Paginas: 109-116
Archivo PDF: 1112.86 Kb.
RESUMEN
Introducción. El trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) se caracteriza por dificultades en la comunicación e
interacción social. La teoría de la mente (TM) vincula las deficiencias sociales en el TEA con una dificultad
para representar los estados mentales de otros. El ritmo Mu (8-13Hz) se ha estudiado como expresión del
posible fundamento neuronal de la TM. En el TEA, la reactividad fisiológica del ritmo Mu a eventos motores
se ve afectada. Durante el sueño también hay fenómenos relacionados con el procesamiento sensomotor.
Objetivo. Caracterizar el ritmo Mu en el sueño de niños con TEA nivel 1, en edades de seis a 10 años, y
compararlo con niños control pareados por edad y sexo.
Método. Registros polisomnográficos durante dos
noches consecutivas. Se analizó visualmente el registro de la segunda noche (la primera se consideró de
habituación) para identificar y seleccionar segmentos de ritmo Mu a lo largo de ella. Los segmentos extraídos
fueron analizados por medio de la transformada rápida de Fourier y posteriormente con pruebas t sobre los
datos de C
3 y C
4.
Resultados. Se encontró una diferencia significativa en los espectros de potencia de C
3 y
C
4 t (1, 144) = 3.038,
p = .003 y
t (1, 144) = -2.301,
p = .023, respectivamente.
Discusión y conclusión. Los
resultados de este estudio son consistentes con características morfológicas y topográficas encontradas en
estudios hechos durante la vigilia. Los resultados sugieren que el ritmo Mu se estaría generando de manera
intrínseca, sin estimulación sensorial externa, y que existe una diferencia en esta generación en población
con TEA.
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