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ISSN 0188-2198 (Impreso)

2018, Número S3

Rev Mex Cardiol 2018; 29 (S3)


Posicionamiento en torno al diagnóstico y tratamiento de las dislipidemias

Díaz AA, Fernández BCL, Enciso MJM, Ceballos RG, Gutiérrez SG, León HFJ, Jiménez OJH, Ramos CMA, Gómez ÁE, Puente BA, Alcocer CA, Meaney E

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 107
Paginas: 148-168
Archivo PDF: 307.28 Kb.


FRAGMENTO

Las enfermedades cardiovasculares constituyen la primera causa de morbilidad y mortalidad en el mundo, tanto en los países desarrollados como en los que están en vías de desarrollo, siendo en estos últimos donde se observa el mayor crecimiento de su incidencia y prevalencia. Estas enfermedades provocan alrededor de 17.5 millones de fallecimientos anuales a nivel mundial. De los 16 millones de decesos debidos a enfermedades no comunicables que ocurren en personas menores de 70 años de edad, 82% de ellos suceden en países de ingreso medio o bajo, siendo el 37% de estas muertes por enfermedades cardiovasculares. La dislipidemia y la inflamación vascular son los procesos iniciales del desarrollo de la patología arterial más frecuente y letal, la aterosclerosis. Existen evidencias abrumadoras que señalan la relación causal de las dislipidemias y el riesgo de enfermedad coronaria aterosclerosa. El papel del colesterol unido a las lipoproteínas de baja densidad (C-LDL) en la génesis de las enfermedades aterosclerosas, ha sido demostrado en numerosas observaciones epidemiológicas, clínicas y terapéuticas, que no sólo han revelado la liga entre la hipercolesterolemia LDL y la enfermedad coronaria aterosclerosa, sino también el efecto benéfico que se obtiene con la reducción de las cifras del C-LDL, mediante el tratamiento farmacológico.6,7 Otros tipos de dislipidemia como la hipertrigliceridemia, asociada o no a cifras bajas del colesterol ligado a las lipoproteínas de alta densidad (C-HDL), son a menudo soslayados o no son tratados correctamente, aunque su control es ineludible para reducir el riesgo cardiovascular, particularmente en países como el nuestro, cuya población es especialmente proclive a la obesidad, al llamado síndrome metabólico (SM) y a la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2).


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