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2003, Número 1

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Arch Cardiol Mex 2003; 73 (1)


Prevalencia e interrelación de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles y factores de riesgo cardiovascular en México

Velázquez-Monroy O, Rosas PM, Lara EA, Pastelín HG, Sánchez Castillo C, Attié F, Tapia CR

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 58
Paginas: 62-77
Archivo PDF: 466.07 Kb.


RESUMEN

Propósito: Determinar la prevalencia e interrelación de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles (ECNT), obesidad, tabaquismo y proteinuria en la población adulta (entre 20 y 69 años) de la república mexicana, así como su estratificación de acuerdo a grupos de edad, género y área geográfica. Método: En el año 2000 se realizó una encuesta nacional probabilística en 45,300 personas. El tamaño de la muestra fue calculado para abordar ENCT con una prevalencia mínima estimada de 6%. La encuesta corresponde al tipo III del método paso a paso descrito por la OMS. Los datos fueron ponderados para la distribución de población y género, de acuerdo con la encuesta nacional de población y vivienda 2000 (INEGI). Resultados: Un total de 38,377 (98.8%) sujetos fueron incluidos para el análisis. El 69.4% fueron mujeres. La edad promedio para el género masculino fue de 39.4 ± 12.9 y para el femenino de 38.6 ± 13.0 transmisibles con la encuesta nacional de salud. La prevalencia nacional promedio para hipertensión fue del 30.05%, para diabetes del 10.7%, para obesidad del 24.4%, para glucosa capilar anormal del 12.7% y para proteinuria del 9.2%. Las prevalencias de hipertensión y diabetes fueron directamente relacionadas con la edad, índice de masa corporal y perímetro de la cintura. La distribución piramidal de la población mexicana determinó que la proporción mayoritaria en las prevalencias de las ECNT se ubicaran antes de los 54 años de forma significativa (> 75%). Conclusión: ENSA 2000 demuestra el incremento notable en la prevalencia de ECNT en México y alerta sobre la necesidad urgente de estrategias nacionales que permitan contener este importante problema de salud pública. Las estrategias deben ser orientadas al abordaje conjunto de las ECNT ya que su interrelación clínica y fisiopatológica queda demostrada en ENSA 2000.


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