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2004, Número 2

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Rev Inst Nal Enf Resp Mex 2004; 17 (2)


Participación de las especies reactivas del oxígeno en las enfermedades pulmonares

Sierra VMP, Guzmán-Grenfell AM, Olivares-Corichi IM, Torres RYD, Hicks GJJ

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 102
Paginas: 135-148
Archivo PDF: 136.66 Kb.


RESUMEN

Las especies reactivas de oxígeno son moléculas (O2•—, HO•, NO•), muy reactivas debido a que en el último orbital tienen un electrón no pareado (radical libre), lo cual confiere inestabilidad física. Se incluyen en las especies reactivas de oxígeno a moléculas precursoras de los radicales libres (H2O2, HONO2—). Estas especies participan en procesos fisiológicos en el organismo. Cuando la generación de especies reactivas de oxígeno supera a los mecanismos de inactivación, se presenta el estado metabólico de estrés oxidante que se caracteriza por daños moleculares y celulares que conducen a predisposición o modificación de diversos padecimientos crónico-degenerativos. Entre las enfermedades pulmonares en que se ha demostrado la participación de las especies reactivas de oxígeno, destacan el síndrome de insuficiencia respiratoria progresiva, la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica y el asma. Se analizan las características del estrés oxidante en estos padecimientos.


REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)

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  8. Barnes PJ. Reactive oxygen species and airway inflammation. Free Radic Biol Med 1990;9:235-243.

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  10. Cristal RG. Oxidants and respiratory tract epithelial injury: Pathogenesis and strategies for therapeutic intervention. Am J Med 1991;91(3C):39S-44S.

  11. Hicks JJ, Silva-Gómez MR, Vilar-Rojas C. Induction of antioxidant enzymes by dexametasone in the adult rat lung. Life Sci 1997;60:2059-2067.

  12. Halliwell B, Gutteridge MC. Oxygen toxicity, oxygen radicals, transition metals and disease. Biochem J 1984;219:1-14.

  13. Granger DN, Rutili G, McCord JM. Superoxide radicals in feline intestinal ischemia. Gastroenterology 1981;81:22-29.

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  38. Astley SB, Elliot RM, Archer DB, Southon S. Evidence that dietary supplementation with carotenoid and carotenoid-rich foods modulates the DNA damage: repair balance in human lymphocytes. Br J Nutr 2004;91:63-72.

  39. Halliwell B. Free radicals, antioxidants and human disease: curiosity, cause, or consequence? Lancet 1994;344:721-724.

  40. Patel JM, Block ER. Vitamin E modulates the physical state and function of pulmonary endothelial cell membranes (abstract). Am Rev Respir Dis 1988;137:78.

  41. Steiner M. Vitamin E changes the fluidity of human platelets. Biochem Biophys Acta 1981;640:100-105.

  42. Huang N, Lineberger B, Steiner M. Alpha-tocoferol, a potent modulator of endothelial cell function. Thromb Res 1988;50:547-557.

  43. Rahman I, Swarska E, Henry M, Stolk J, MacNee W. Is there any relationship between plasma antioxidant capacity and lung function in smokers and in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? Thorax 2000;55:189-193.

  44. Sprong RC, Winkelhuzen-Janssen AM, Aarsman CJ, van Oirschot JF, van der Bruggen T, van Asbeck BS. Low-dose N-acetylcysteine protects rats against endotoxin-mediated oxidative stress, but high doses increases mortality. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998;157:1283-1293.

  45. Park S, Imlay JA. High levels of intracellular cysteine promote oxidative damage by driving the Fenton reaction. J Bacteriol 2003;185:1942-1950.

  46. Sagone AL, Greenwald J, Kraut EH, Blanchine J, Singh D. Glucose: a role as free radical scavenger in biological systems. J Lab Clin Med 1983;101:97-104.

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  49. Tomita K, Barnes PJ, Adcock IM. The effect of oxidative stress on histone acetylation and IL-8 release. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2003;301:572-577.

  50. Rahman I. Oxidative stress, chomatin remodeling and gene transcription in inflammation and chronic lung diseases. J Biochem Mol Biol 2003;36:95-109.

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  54. Church DF, Burkey TJ, Prior WA. Preparation of human lung tissue from cigarette smokers for analysis by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Methods Enzymol 1990;186:665-669.

  55. MacNee W. Oxidants/antioxidants and COPD. Chest 2000;117:303S-317S.

  56. Kehrer JPMA, Mossman BT, Sevanian A, Trush, Smith MT. Contemporary issues in toxicology. Free radical mechanism in chemical pathogenesis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1988;95:349-362.

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  58. Repine JE. Scientific perspectives on adult respiratory distress syndrome. Lancet 1992;339:466-472.

  59. Barnes PJ. Reactive oxygen species and airway inflammation. Free Radic Biol Med 1990;9:235-243.

  60. Kay AB. Asthma and inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1991;87:893-911.

  61. Cristal RG. Oxidants and respiratory tract epithelial injury: Pathogenesis and strategies for therapeutic intervention. Am J Med 1991;91(3C):39S-44S.

  62. Hicks JJ, Silva-Gómez MR, Vilar-Rojas C. Induction of antioxidant enzymes by dexametasone in the adult rat lung. Life Sci 1997;60:2059-2067.

  63. Halliwell B, Gutteridge MC. Oxygen toxicity, oxygen radicals, transition metals and disease. Biochem J 1984;219:1-14.

  64. Granger DN, Rutili G, McCord JM. Superoxide radicals in feline intestinal ischemia. Gastroenterology 1981;81:22-29.

  65. Heffner JE, Repine JE. Pulmonary strategies of antioxidant defense. Am Rev Respir Dis 1989;140:531-554.

  66. Shlafer M, Kane PF, Kirsh MM. Superoxide dismutase plus catalase enhances the efficacy of hypothermic cardioplegia to protect the globally ischemic, reperfused heart. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1982;83:830-839.

  67. Miyachi M, Vickers S, Schiller HJ, Patel P, Mather I, Hildreth J, et al. Immunoaffinity localization of the free radical-generating enzyme, xanthine oxidase in the microvascular endothelium of the porcine and human brain. Circulatory Shock 1991;34:A436.

  68. Vickers S, Hildreth J, Kuhajda F, Madara P, Mather I, Baig M, et al. Immunohistoaffinity localization of xantine oxidase in the microvascular endothelial cells of porcine and human organs. Circ Shock 1990;31:87.

  69. Vickers S, Miyachi M, Hildreth J, Baij M, Kuhajda F, Madara P, et al. Immunohistoaffinity localization of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) and histochemical discrimination of dehydrogenase (XD) and oxidase (XO) in situ. FASEB J 1990;4:A895.

  70. Marzella L, Jesudass RR, Manson PN, Myers RAM, Bulkley GB. Functional and structural evaluation of the vasculature of skin flaps after ischemia and reperfusion. Plast Reconstr Surg 1988;81:742-750.

  71. Mayumi T, Schiller HJ, Bulkley GB. Pharmaceutical intervention for the prevention of post-ischemic reperfusion injury. Switzerland: Birkhauser Verlag Basel; 1993.

  72. Reilly PM, Schiller HJ, Bulkley GB. Reactive oxygen metabolites in shock. In: Wilmore DW, Brennan MF, Harken, et al, editors. Care of the surgical patient. Trauma. New York: Scientific Am; 1991. p-30.

  73. Van Asbeck BS, Hoidal J, Vercellotti GM, Schwartz BA, Moldow CF, Jacob HS. Protection against lethal hyperoxia by tracheal insufflation of erythrocytes: Role of red cell glutathione. Science 1985;227:756-759.

  74. Toth KM, Clifford DP, Berger EM, White CW, Repine JE. Intact human erythrocytes prevent hydrogen peroxide-mediated damage to isolated perfused rat lungs and culture bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells. J Clin Invest 1984;74:292-295.

  75. Wali RK, Jaffes S, Kumar D, Sorgente N, Kalra VK. Increased adherence of oxidant-treated human and bovine erythrocytes to cultured endothelial cells. J Cell Physiol 1987;133:25-36.

  76. Winterbourn CC, Stern A. Human rest cells scavenge extracellular hydrogen peroxide and inhibit formation of hipochlorous acid and hydroxyl radicals. J Clin Invest 1987;80:1486-1491.

  77. Toth KM, Berger EM, Beehler CJ, Repine JE. Erythrocytes from cigarette smokers contain more glutathione and catalase and protect endothelial cells from hydrogen peroxide better than do erythrocytes from nonsmokers. Am Rev Respir Dis 1986;134:281-284.

  78. Del Principe D, Menichelli A, de Matteis W, di Corpo ML, di Giulio S, Finazzi-Agro A. Hydrogen peroxide has a role in the aggregation on human platelets. FEBS Lett 1985;185:142-146.

  79. Ramos MJI, Launay JM, Dreux C. A sensitive fluorometric microassay for the determination of glutathione peroxidase activity. Application to human blood platelets. Anal Biochem 1979;98:154-159.

  80. Pietra GG, Ruttner JR, Wust W, Gling W. The lung after trauma and shock. Fine structure of alveolar-capilary barrier in 23 autopsies. J Trauma 1981;21:454-462.

  81. Gutman FD, Murthy VS, Wojciechowski MT, Wurn RM, Edwards RA. Transient pulmonary platelet sequestration during endotoxemia in dogs. Circ Shock 1987;21:185-195.

  82. Mercier G, Berthault N, Mary J, Peyre J, Antoniades A, Comet JP, et al. Biological detection of low doses by combining results of two microarray analysis method. Nucleic Acids Res 2004;32:e12.

  83. Seong JM, Kim do K, Oh SH, Kim KS, Lee SS, Um HD. Proteomic analysis of the cellular proteins induced by adaptative concentratios of hydrogen peroxide in human U937 cells. Exp Mol Med 2002;34:374-378.

  84. Hemmrich K, Suschek CV, Lerzynski G, Kolb-Bachofen V. iNOS activity is essential for endothelial stress gene expression against oxidative damage. J Appl Physiol 2003;95:1937-1946.

  85. Dickinson DA, Moellering DR, Iles KE, Pate RP, Levonen AL, Wigley A, et al. Cytoprotection against oxidative stress and the regulation of glutathione synthesis. Biol Chem 2003;384:527-537.

  86. Medina-Navarro R, Hicks JJ. Radicales libres de oxígeno: Bioquímica inorgánica y biomedicina. En: Hicks JJ, editor. Bioquímica. México: McGraw-Hill; 2002. p. 779-792.

  87. Winkelmann BR, Boehm BO, Nauck M, Kleist P, Marz W, Verho NK, et al. Cigarette smoking is independently associated with markers of endothelial dysfunction and hyperinsulinaemia in non-diabetic individuals with coronary artery disease. Curr Med Res Opin 2001;17:132-141.

  88. Boots AW, Haenen GR, Bast A. Oxidant metabolism in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eur Respir J Suppl 2003;46:14S-27S.

  89. Astley SB, Elliot RM, Archer DB, Southon S. Evidence that dietary supplementation with carotenoid and carotenoid-rich foods modulates the DNA damage: repair balance in human lymphocytes. Br J Nutr 2004;91:63-72.

  90. Halliwell B. Free radicals, antioxidants and human disease: curiosity, cause, or consequence? Lancet 1994;344:721-724.

  91. Patel JM, Block ER. Vitamin E modulates the physical state and function of pulmonary endothelial cell membranes (abstract). Am Rev Respir Dis 1988;137:78.

  92. Steiner M. Vitamin E changes the fluidity of human platelets. Biochem Biophys Acta 1981;640:100-105.

  93. Huang N, Lineberger B, Steiner M. Alpha-tocoferol, a potent modulator of endothelial cell function. Thromb Res 1988;50:547-557.

  94. Rahman I, Swarska E, Henry M, Stolk J, MacNee W. Is there any relationship between plasma antioxidant capacity and lung function in smokers and in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? Thorax 2000;55:189-193.

  95. Sprong RC, Winkelhuzen-Janssen AM, Aarsman CJ, van Oirschot JF, van der Bruggen T, van Asbeck BS. Low-dose N-acetylcysteine protects rats against endotoxin-mediated oxidative stress, but high doses increases mortality. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998;157:1283-1293.

  96. Park S, Imlay JA. High levels of intracellular cysteine promote oxidative damage by driving the Fenton reaction. J Bacteriol 2003;185:1942-1950.

  97. Sagone AL, Greenwald J, Kraut EH, Blanchine J, Singh D. Glucose: a role as free radical scavenger in biological systems. J Lab Clin Med 1983;101:97-104.

  98. Medina NR, Durán RG, Díaz FM, Hicks JJ, Kumate J. Glucose autooxidation produce acrolein from lipid peroxidation in vitro. Clin Chim Acta 2003;337:183-185.

  99. Medina NR, Durán RG, Díaz FM, Hicks JJ, Kumate J. Glucose-stimulated acrolein production from unsaturated fatty acids. Human Experimental Toxicology 2004;23:101-105.

  100. Tomita K, Barnes PJ, Adcock IM. The effect of oxidative stress on histone acetylation and IL-8 release. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2003;301:572-577.

  101. Rahman I. Oxidative stress, chomatin remodeling and gene transcription in inflammation and chronic lung diseases. J Biochem Mol Biol 2003;36:95-109.

  102. Gutteridge JC, Halliwell B. Free radicals and antioxidants in the year 2000. A Historical Look to the Future. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2000;899:136-147.




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