2017, Número 4
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Salud Mental 2017; 40 (4)
Mental health literacy about bipolar disorder and schizophrenia among medical students: a comparative study of illness recognition, treatment, and attitudes according to perception of aggressiveness-dangerousness
Vargas-Huicochea I, Robles-García R, Berlanga C, Tovilla-Zarate Carlos-Alfonso, Martínez-López N, Fresan A
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 33
Paginas: 141-148
Archivo PDF: 483.78 Kb.
RESUMEN
Introducción. La falta de información puede dar como resultado actitudes negativas de los profesionales de
la salud hacia los individuos con trastornos mentales.
Objetivo. Determinar la asociación entre la percepción
de agresión-peligrosidad y el reconocimiento de la enfermedad, tratamiento sugerido y actitudes sobre la
esquizofrenia y el trastorno bipolar en un grupo de estudiantes de pregrado de medicina.
Método. El presente
es un estudio no experimental, transversal comparativo en una muestra propositiva de estudiantes de medicina.
El reconocimiento de la enfermedad, creencias acerca del tratamiento más adecuado, percepción de
la agresión-peligrosidad del paciente y las actitudes hacia los trastornos mentales graves fueron evaluados
con instrumentos previamente validados.
Resultados. El 54.8% de un total de 104 participantes identificaron
un estado de salud mental en la viñeta de esquizofrenia en contraste con tan sólo el 3.8% para el caso de
trastorno bipolar. La mayoría de los estudiantes consideraron que ambos diagnósticos se relacionaban con
conductas agresivas. La peligrosidad fue percibida más frecuentemente en la viñeta del caso con esquizofrenia.
Discusión y conclusión. Es necesario sensibilizar y educar a los estudiantes de medicina para que
tengan información clara y precisa sobre los síntomas y tratamientos disponibles para los individuos con
trastornos mentales.
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