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2017, Número 3

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Rev Mex Patol Clin Med Lab 2017; 64 (3)


Métodos de diagnóstico en las enfermedades reumáticas

Cetina-Manzanilla JA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 52
Paginas: 135-145
Archivo PDF: 394.92 Kb.


RESUMEN

Existen cerca de doscientos padecimientos reumáticos reconocidos; estos comparten principalmente manifestaciones musculoesqueléticas y síntomas generales o constitucionales, lo que dificulta su diagnóstico. La base para el diagnóstico es la clínica; los estudios de laboratorio ayudan a confirmar el diagnóstico y establecer un pronóstico. El laboratorio no sustituye a la clínica: hay algunos padecimientos reumáticos donde es indispensable, pero en otros no se considera necesario. Los estudios de imagenología han evolucionado en forma acelerada en las dos últimas décadas; a la radiografía convencional se han añadido la tomografía computarizada, la resonancia magnética, el PET-SCAN, la ultrasonografía, la capilaroscopia y la medicina nuclear. Los estudios de neurofisiología, inmunogenética e histopatología tienen indicaciones precisas y son de gran utilidad. La identificación temprana de las enfermedades reumáticas y el empleo razonado de los distintos medios de diagnóstico, permiten confirmar la patología y son útiles para el pronóstico y seguimiento del tratamiento.


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