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Federación Mexicana de Ginecología y Obstetricia, A.C.

2016, Número 07

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Ginecol Obstet Mex 2016; 84 (07)


Fragmentación del ADN espermático: origen, evaluación y repercusión en la fertilidad masculina

Portella-Ruiz JR, Gonzales-Rengifo GF

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 81
Paginas: 462-473
Archivo PDF: 552.87 Kb.


RESUMEN

La integridad del ADN espermático es una importante característica para tener una descendencia saludable. Esta revisión informa el origen de la fragmentación del ADN espermático, las metodologías disponibles para su evaluación y su repercusión en la reproducción. La estrategia de búsqueda incluyó, pero no fue limitada a las palabras claves como: sperm DNA fragmentation, sperm DNA damage, sperm oxidative stress, male infertility, assisted reproductive technologies, en Pubmed y ScienceDirect. La principal causa de fragmentación del ADN espermático radica en la inadecuada compactación de la cromatina nuclear que, a su vez, lo hace más susceptible al daño por estrés oxidativo. Si bien existe correlación entre las diversas técnicas para evaluar la fragmentación del ADN espermático, puede observarse gran variabilidad en los puntos de corte para distinguir o clasificar a los hombres fértiles de los infértiles. El mayor efecto de la fragmentación del ADN espermático se observa en la tasa de abortos, donde existe una asociación positiva. Por tanto, el análisis de la fragmentación del ADN espermático debe aplicarse como parte integral de la evaluación de la infertilidad masculina.


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