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2001, Número 5

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Gac Med Mex 2001; 137 (5)


Intervención Nutricional en VIH/SIDA: una guía práctica para su implementación y seguimiento

Fajardo-Rodríguez A, Lara del Rivero-Vera CM

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 51
Paginas: 489-500
Archivo PDF: 72.76 Kb.


RESUMEN

La infección por el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) y su traducción clínica, el síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida (SIDA), constituyen un grave problema de salud pública por sus consecuencias sanitarias, económicas, psicológicas y sociales. Entre los individuos afectados, la desnutrición es común y omnipresente en las etapas avanzadas de la enfermedad. Sus causas obedecen a complejos mecanismos, incluyendo trastornos del metabolismo, hipercata-bolismo, afección del tracto gastrointestinal e interacciones medicamentosas. La desnutrición es una condición que disminuye importantemente la capacidad funcional del organismo afectado, y en consecuencia profundiza la deficiencia inmunitaria y acrecienta la morbilidad y la mortalidad. La intervención nutricional debe ser temprana e individualizada, con una vigilancia periódica y sostenida. La terapéutica nutricional disponible en el presente es muy amplia -desde complementos hasta nutrición endovenosa- y su aplicación demanda amplio conocimiento y experiencia profesional. El objetivo de esta guía es proporcionar los lineamientos generales para el manejo y tratamiento nutricional de los pacientes con VIH/SIDA. El conocimiento etiopatogénico y terapéutico del SIDA avanza aceleradamente; el profesional de la salud debe hacer conciencia de la responsabilidad que conlleva y buscar obtener y mantener un conocimiento y práctica de acuerdo a los cánones actuales y traducirlos en acciones trascendentes.


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