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Tejido adiposo como glándula endocrina. Implicaciones fisiopatológicas

García TD, Castellanos GMF, Cedeño MR, Benet RM, Ramírez AI

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 66
Paginas: 131-151
Archivo PDF: 275.77 Kb.


RESUMEN

El tejido adiposo se considera en la actualidad como un órgano con importante función endocrina; distinguiéndose dos tipos: el pardo y el blanco. El tejido adiposo es capaz de secretar diversas sustancias conocidas como adipocinas que se encuentran implicadas en la regulación del peso corporal, en el sistema inmune, en la función vascular y en la sensibilidad insulínica. En la obesidad, principalmente visceral, se encuentran aumentadas las adipocinas proinflamatorias. Estas se asocian a la inflamación clínica y subclínica, a la insulinorresistencia, al estrés oxidativo y a la lesión endotelial; desarrollan un papel clave en el síndrome metabólico e incrementan el riesgo cardiometabólico. El objetivo de la presente revisión bibliográfica ha sido exponer las características morfofuncionales del tejido adiposo y los mecanismos que lo vinculan con la génesis de diversas enfermedades.


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