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Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado

2016, Número 3

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Rev Esp Med Quir 2016; 21 (3)


Dolor de miembro fantasma

Criollo-Muñoz FH, Hernández- Santos JR

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 46
Paginas: 100-108
Archivo PDF: 581.80 Kb.


RESUMEN

El síndrome de miembro fantasma lo integran tres entidades distintas que pueden coexistir en el paciente. Debido a la escasa efectividad en el alivio del dolor a largo plazo, con las terapias farmacológicas propuestas en las últimas décadas, es de interés hacer una revisión sobre el manejo intervencionista realizado recientemente para el manejo del dolor de miembro fantasma refractario. La terapia farmacológica hasta el momento ha sido considerada como el tratamiento de base en la mayoría de los algoritmos de manejo propuestos; sin embargo, el efecto de potenciación a largo plazo o fenómeno de “wind up” que ocurre en el sistema nervioso central permite que la mayoría de los pacientes sea refractaria a los diferentes manejos. Diversos autores pretenden demostrar la eficacia a corto y largo plazo de los procedimientos intervencionistas para el alivio del dolor, de los cuales la mayoría proporciona resultados contradictorios con escasa evidencia sobre la efectividad a largo plazo. El objetivo de esta revisión es hacer, de manera congruente y actualizada, un análisis sobre la historia, definición, clasificación, etiología, fisiopatología y propuestas de tratamiento, tanto farmacológico como no farmacológico, que proporcionen un enfoque general sobre el manejo del dolor de miembro fantasma.


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