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2015, Número S1

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Med Cutan Iber Lat Am 2015; 43 (S1)


La infección por micobacterias no tuberculosas, una visión desde la perspectiva dermatológica

Mancheno-Valencia MA, Arenas-Guzmán R, Carrillo-Casas EM, Fernández-Martínez R, Toussaint-Caire S, Hernández-Castro R, Galván-Martínez I, Hajar-Serviansky T

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 62
Paginas: 6-13
Archivo PDF: 1139.43 Kb.


RESUMEN

Las micobacterias no tuberculosas causan una gran variedad de enfermedades, especialmente en pacientes. En humanos, se han clasificado en cuatro síndromes clínicos principales: enfermedad pulmonar, linfadenitis, enfermedad cutánea y enfermedad diseminada. Entre éstas, la pulmonar crónica es la más común. La incidencia ha aumentado con los años, tanto en huéspedes con alteraciones de la inmunidad como en inmunocompetentes. Su prevalencia se ha incrementado rápidamente, en parte debido a condiciones de inmunosupresión como el sida (síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida) y, además, la disponibilidad de nuevas tecnologías en métodos de laboratorio, como la cromatografía líquida de alto rendimiento, PCR (por sus siglas en inglés, polymerase chain reaction) con restricción de patrones enzimáticos, secuenciación del gen 16S rRNA (por sus siglas en inglés, ribosomal ribonucleic acid) y estudios de homología de DNA (por sus siglas en inglés, deoxyribonucleic acid), que permiten una mayor recuperación y certeza en la identificación de nuevas especies de micobacterias no tuberculosas.


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