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2016, Número 1

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Rev Cubana Cardiol Cir Cardiovasc 2016; 22 (1)


Complicaciones cardiovasculares postoperatorias en cirugía mayor oncológica

Martos BFD, Gutiérrez NA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 33
Paginas: 63-69
Archivo PDF: 509.89 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción: Las complicaciones cardiovasculares postoperatorias son trastornos que se asocian con malos resultados clínicos.
Objetivos: Identificar los factores relacionados con las complicaciones cardiovasculares y determinar la influencia de las mismas sobre los resultados clínicos en pacientes operados por cáncer.
Método: Se realizó un estudio prospectivo de 426 pacientes consecutivos operados por cáncer y admitidos en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Se evaluaron los posibles factores relacionados con las complicaciones cardiovasculares; posteriormente se analizó la influencia de estas sobre los resultados clínicos.
Resultados: Se presentaron complicaciones cardiovasculares en 35 pacientes (8,2%). Dos factores en el Índice de Riesgo Cardiaco Revisado (OR 15,21 [95% IC 4,18-55,30]; p ‹ 0,0001), la cirugía torácica (OR 6,52 [95% IC 1,13-37,71]; p= 0,036) y la cirugía gastrointestinal (OR 6,54 [95% IC 1,38-31,08]; p= 0,018) se asociaron de forma independiente con las complicaciones cardiovasculares. La presencia de al menos una complicación cardiovascular (OR 13,40 [95% IC 3,58-50,25]; p ‹ 0,0001), el paro cardiorrespiratorio (OR 39,27 [95% IC 1,63-944,53]; p= 0,024) y la insuficiencia cardiaca agua (OR 32,79 [95% IC 2,42-444,28]; p= 0,009) se relacionaron con la mortalidad hospitalaria en el análisis multivariado de regresión logística.
Conclusiones: El Índice de Riesgo Cardiaco Revisado, la cirugía torácica y la gastrointestinal son factores relacionados con las complicaciones cardiovasculares postoperatorias. Estos trastornos incrementan la mortalidad hospitalaria.


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