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TIP Revista Especializada en Ciencias Químico-Biológicas

2016, Número 1

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TIP Rev Esp Cienc Quim Biol 2016; 19 (1)


Variación climática en el desierto de Thar desde el Último Máximo Glacial y evaluación del Monzón de la India

Roy PD, Singhvi AK

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 66
Paginas: 32-44
Archivo PDF: 1139.37 Kb.


RESUMEN

El desierto de Thar está ubicado en la parte noroccidental de la India y es una región con escasez de lluvia (~500-100 mm/año). Los datos previamente publicados sobre la mineralogía, facies sedimentarias y cronología de radiocarbono han ayudado a reconstruir los cambios en el nivel lacustre y la salinidad de los cuerpos de agua en la escala orbital en cinco diferentes cuencas lacustres del desierto. Se evaluaron las condiciones hidrológicas en términos de la variación en la fuerza (cantidad y cobertura geográfica) del monzón del suroeste desde el último máximo glacial (UMG). Entre el UMG y aproximadamente 15 ka cal AP, las cuencas de la parte oriental mantuvieron lagos salinos e hipersalinos y la parte occidental tuvo un lago intermitente. El cambio de una playa salina-hipersalina a un lago perenne con condiciones profundas ocurrió en la margen oriental alrededor de los 15 ka cal AP a medida que la insolación de verano aumentó tanto la temperatura superficial del mar (TSM) del Océano Índico como la fuerza del monzón del suroeste. Durante la transición del Pleistoceno al Holoceno, la mayor insolación de verano y la alta TSM del Océano Índico aumentaron la cantidad de lluvia de verano y facilitaron la expansión del monzón a todo el desierto. Sin embargo, el predominio de las precipitaciones de invierno sobre las lluvias de verano durante el Holoceno temprano y medio mantuvieron lagos perennes a lo largo del desierto. Durante el Holoceno medio y tardío, las condiciones más secas en la región fueron contemporáneas a los intervalos de reducción en la insolación de verano, la ubicación de la Zona de Convergencia Intertropical en una latitud sureña y el aumento en la actividad de El Niño-Oscilación del Sur.


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