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2015, Número 3

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Revista Cubana de Salud y Trabajo 2015; 16 (3)


Empleo de indicadores bioquímicos en el estudio del estrés psicosocial laboral. Tendencias en la investigación

Rodríguez JE, Oramas VA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 39
Paginas: 69-75
Archivo PDF: 270.07 Kb.


RESUMEN

Las investigaciones sobre el estrés y la salud se caracterizan por un impresionante comportamiento ascendente, pero con un énfasis desproporcionado de investigaciones descriptivas en detrimento de las explicativas a niveles fisiológico, biológico y bioquímico. Se realizó una revisión de las tendencias actuales en el estudio del estrés, donde se emplearon indicadores bioquímicos. El término de carga alostática aparece con preeminencia -18 referencias, incluyendo del año 2014-. Se analizaron entre las múltiples respuestas hormonales al estrés, el papel de la hormona liberadora de córticotrofina, la vasopresina y citocinas proinflamatorias como marcadores bioquímicos de la cascada inflamatoria, específicamente las interleucinas 1 y 6 y el factor de crecimiento tumoral. Se argumenta por qué el síndrome de burnout, consecuencia del estrés laboral crónico, puede ser reconocido como un síndrome neuroendocrino de etiología conocida. Finalmente, se hace referencia a un estudio experimental en el cual el comportamiento es explicado empleando indicadores bioquímicos e introduciendo elementos de la biología molecular. Se concluye sobre la pertinencia de investigaciones multidisciplinarias y su alcance para abordar los problemas actuales de salud de la población trabajadora.


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