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2015, Número S2

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Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2015; 53 (S2)


Respuesta inmune en cáncer cervicouterino. Estrategias para el desarrollo de vacunas terapéuticas

Mora-García ML, Monroy-García A

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 29
Paginas: 206-211
Archivo PDF: 264.53 Kb.


RESUMEN

Los virus de papiloma humano de alto riesgo (VPHAR), como el VPH-16, evaden el reconocimiento inmune a través de la inactivación de células de la respuesta inmune innata. Los genes E6 y E7 del VPH-16 desregulan la respuesta al interferón tipo I. Además, no producen viremia ni muerte celular; por lo tanto, no producen inflamación o señal de daño que alerte al sistema inmunológico. Las partículas tipo virales (VLP, del inglés virus-like particles), constituidas por proteínas estructurales (L1 y L2) de los principales tipos de VPH-AR que infectan el tracto genitourinario, son las vacunas profilácticas más eficaces contra la infección por VPH-AR. Mientras que para lesiones neoplásicas de alto grado, las vacunas terapéuticas basadas en vectores virales, péptidos, ADN o proteínas totales E6 y E7 de VPH-AR, han tenido una efectividad limitada. Las partículas quiméricas tipo virales (cVLP), que acarrean péptidos de las proteínas virales E6 y E7, y que inducen la activación de linfocitos T citotóxicos específicos, surgen como una alternativa importante para proveer actividad profiláctica y terapéutica contra la infección por VPH-AR y el cáncer cervicouterino.


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